初识sklearn，了解clustering

sklearn 是一个 Python 的 科学计算库，提供了数种聚类算法可供选择

numpy、scipy 是 Python 的科学运算库，matplotlib 是图形库，用于绘图

首先是安装环境

sudo pipinstallnumpy scipy sklearn matplotlib

# 安装完成后跑一下 scipy 的测试

importscipyscipy.test()

如果有报错的话就把 numpy 和 scipy 卸载了重新装一次

装 sklearn 后常常会有冲突，重装一下 numpy 和 scipy 就好了

sudo pipuninstallnumpy, scipy

sudo pipinstallnumpy, scipy

如果是 Mac 系统的话，建议把 /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/ 里面的 numpy、scipy 等库都删了再安装，不然很容易因为版本不同而冲突

效果图

范例代码（等以后有空再来逐行解释）

#! /usr/bin/env python

# -*- coding: utf-8

from __future__ import unicode_literals

import datetime

from collections import Counter

import numpy as np

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

from sklearn import cluster

from sklearn import datasets

iris = datasets.load_iris()

# X_iris = iris.data[50: 100]

X_iris = iris.data

Y_iris = iris.target

geo = 231

# X_iris = np.delete(X_iris, 3, axis=1)

# X_iris /= 10.

def timeit(name=None):

"""

@decorate

"""

def wrapper2(func):

def wrapper1(*args, **kargs):

start = datetime.datetime.now()

r = func(*args, **kargs)

end = datetime.datetime.now()

print '---------------'

print 'project name: %s' % name

print 'start at: %s' % start

print 'end at:  %s' % end

print 'cost:    %s' % (end - start)

print 'res:      %s' % r

print 'err1:    %s' \

% (50 - Counter(r[: 50]).most_common()[0][1])

print 'err2:    %s' \

% (50 - Counter(r[50: 100]).most_common()[0][1])

print 'err3:    %s' \

% (50 - Counter(r[100: 150]).most_common()[0][1])

print '---------------'

return r

return wrapper1

return wrapper2

def randrange(n, vmin, vmax):

return (vmax - vmin) * np.random.rand(n) + vmin

@timeit('target')

def target(fig):

global X_iris, Y_iris, geo

ax = fig.add_subplot(geo + 0, projection='3d', title='target')

for n, i in enumerate(X_iris):

ax.scatter(*i[: 3], c=['r', 'y', 'g'][Y_iris[n]], marker='o')

ax.set_xlabel('X Label')

ax.set_ylabel('Y Label')

ax.set_zlabel('Z Label')

return Y_iris

# kmeans

@timeit('kmeans')

def kmeans(fig):

global X_iris, geo

ax = fig.add_subplot(geo + 1, projection='3d', title='k-means')

k_means = cluster.KMeans(init='random', n_clusters=3)

k_means.fit(X_iris)

res = k_means.labels_

for n, i in enumerate(X_iris):

ax.scatter(*i[: 3], c='bgrcmyk'[res[n] % 7], marker='o')

ax.set_xlabel('X Label')

ax.set_ylabel('Y Label')

ax.set_zlabel('Z Label')

return res

@timeit('mini_batch_kmeans')

def mini_batch(fig):

global X_iris, geo

ax = fig.add_subplot(geo + 2, projection='3d', title='mini-batch')

mini_batch = cluster.MiniBatchKMeans(init='random', n_clusters=3)

mini_batch.fit(X_iris)

res = mini_batch.labels_

for n, i in enumerate(X_iris):

ax.scatter(*i[: 3], c='bgrcmyk'[res[n] % 7], marker='o')

ax.set_xlabel('X Label')

ax.set_ylabel('Y Label')

ax.set_zlabel('Z Label')

return res

@timeit('affinity')

def affinity(fig):

global X_iris, geo

ax = fig.add_subplot(geo + 3, projection='3d', title='affinity')

affinity = cluster.AffinityPropagation(preference=-50)

affinity.fit(X_iris)

res = affinity.labels_

for n, i in enumerate(X_iris):

ax.scatter(*i[: 3], c='bgrcmyk'[res[n] % 7], marker='o')

ax.set_xlabel('X Label')

ax.set_ylabel('Y Label')

ax.set_zlabel('Z Label')

return res

@timeit('mean_shift')

def mean_shift(fig):

global X_iris, geo

ax = fig.add_subplot(geo + 4, projection='3d', title='mean_shift')

bandwidth = cluster.estimate_bandwidth(X_iris, quantile=0.2, n_samples=50)

mean_shift = cluster.MeanShift(bandwidth=bandwidth, bin_seeding=True)

mean_shift.fit(X_iris)

res = mean_shift.labels_

for n, i in enumerate(X_iris):

ax.scatter(*i[: 3], c='bgrcmyk'[res[n] % 7], marker='o')

ax.set_xlabel('X Label')

ax.set_ylabel('Y Label')

ax.set_zlabel('Z Label')

return res

@timeit('dbscan')

def dbscan(fig):

global X_iris, geo

ax = fig.add_subplot(geo + 5, projection='3d', title='dbscan')

dbscan = cluster.DBSCAN()

dbscan.fit(X_iris)

res = dbscan.labels_

core = dbscan.core_sample_indices_

print repr(core)

size = [5 if i not in core else 40 for i in range(len(X_iris))]

print repr(size)

for n, i in enumerate(X_iris):

ax.scatter(*i[: 3], s=size[n], c='bgrcmyk'[res[n] % 7],

alpha=0.8, marker='o')

ax.set_xlabel('X Label')

ax.set_ylabel('Y Label')

ax.set_zlabel('Z Label')

return res

def main():

fig = plt.figure()

target(fig)

kmeans(fig)

mini_batch(fig)

affinity(fig)

mean_shift(fig)

dbscan(fig)

plt.show()

if __name__ == '__main__':

main()

作者：hzyido
链接：http://www.jianshu.com/p/93c03a09d689
來源：简书
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