gstreamer 常用的图片格式转换命令

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前言

本文主要介绍如何使用 gstreamer 对图片进行格式转换，以及获取 pattern 图片相关的命令
软硬件环境：
硬件：PC
软件：ubuntu22.04 gstreamer 1.20.3

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一、怎样使用 gstreamer 生成 pattern 数据

gstreamer 是通过 videotestsrc 这个插件来产生 pattern 数据的，产生的 pattern 数据送到下一级处理，可以是送显，也可以保存为本地文件。
在 ubuntu 下执行 gst-inspect-1.0 videotestsrc 命令可以查看 videotestsrc 这个插件的相关属性及参数，打印如下所示

lkh@ubuntu:~/lkh2024/opengles_test$ gst-inspect-1.0 videotestsrc
Factory Details:
  Rank                     none (0)
  Long-name                Video test source
  Klass                    Source/Video
  Description              Creates a test video stream
  Author                   David A. Schleef <ds@schleef.org>

Plugin Details:
  Name                     videotestsrc
  Description              Creates a test video stream
  Filename                 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/gstreamer-1.0/libgstvideotestsrc.so
  Version                  1.20.1
  License                  LGPL
  Source module            gst-plugins-base
  Source release date      2022-03-14
  Binary package           GStreamer Base Plugins (Ubuntu)
  Origin URL               https://launchpad.net/distros/ubuntu/+source/gst-plugins-base1.0

GObject
 +----GInitiallyUnowned
       +----GstObject
             +----GstElement
                   +----GstBaseSrc
                         +----GstPushSrc
                               +----GstVideoTestSrc

Pad Templates:
  SRC template: 'src'
    Availability: Always
    Capabilities:
      video/x-raw
                 format: {
    (string)ABGR64_LE, (string)BGRA64_LE, (string)AYUV64, (string)ARGB64_LE, (string)ARGB64, (string)RGBA64_LE, (string)ABGR64_BE, (string)BGRA64_BE, (string)ARGB64_BE, (string)RGBA64_BE, (string)GBRA_12LE, (string)GBRA_12BE, (string)Y412_LE, (string)Y412_BE, (string)A444_10LE, (string)GBRA_10LE, (string)A444_10BE, (string)GBRA_10BE, (string)A422_10LE, (string)A422_10BE, (string)A420_10LE, (string)A420_10BE, (string)RGB10A2_LE, (string)BGR10A2_LE, (string)Y410, (string)GBRA, (string)ABGR, (string)VUYA, (string)BGRA, (string)AYUV, (string)ARGB, (string)RGBA, (string)A420, (string)AV12, (string)Y444_16LE, (string)Y444_16BE, (string)v216, (string)P016_LE, (string)P016_BE, (string)Y444_12LE, (string)GBR_12LE, (string)Y444_12BE, (string)GBR_12BE, (string)I422_12LE, (string)I422_12BE, (string)Y212_LE, (string)Y212_BE, (string)I420_12LE, (string)I420_12BE, (string)P012_LE, (string)P012_BE, (string)Y444_10LE, (string)GBR_10LE, (string)Y444_10BE, (string)GBR_10BE, (string)r210, (string)I422_10LE, (string)I422_10BE, (string)NV16_10LE32, (string)Y210, (string)v210, (string)UYVP, (string)I420_10LE, (string)I420_10BE, (string)P010_10LE, (string)NV12_10LE32, (string)NV12_10LE40, (string)P010_10BE, (string)Y444, (string)RGBP, (string)GBR, (string)BGRP, (string)NV24, (string)xBGR, (string)BGRx, (string)xRGB, (string)RGBx, (string)BGR, (string