YOLOV5源码的下载:
git clone https://github.com/ultralytics/yolov5.git
YOLOV5代码detect.py文件解读
import argparse # python的命令行解析的模块,内置于python,不需要安装
import os
import shutil
import time
from pathlib import Path
import cv2
import torch
import torch.backends.cudnn as cudnn
from numpy import random
from models.experimental import attempt_load
from utils.datasets import LoadStreams, LoadImages
from utils.general import (
check_img_size, non_max_suppression, apply_classifier, scale_coords,
xyxy2xywh, plot_one_box, strip_optimizer, set_logging)
from utils.torch_utils import select_device, load_classifier, time_synchronized
def detect(save_img=False):
# 获取out(输出文件夹)、source(输入源)、weights(权重)、imgsz等参数
out, source, weights, view_img, save_txt, imgsz = \
opt.save_dir, opt.source, opt.weights, opt.view_img, opt.save_txt, opt.img_size
webcam = source.isnumeric() or source.startswith(('rtsp://', 'rtmp://', 'http://')) or source.endswith('.txt')
# Initialize
set_logging()
# 获取设备
device = select_device(opt.device)
# 删除之前的输出文件夹
if os.path.exists(out): # output dir
shutil.rmtree(out) # delete dir
os.makedirs(out) # make new dir
# 如果设备为gpu,使用Float16
half = device.type != 'cpu' # half precision only supported on CUDA
# Load model
# 加载Float32模型,确保用户设定的输入图片分辨率能整除32(如不能则调整为能整除并返回)
model = attempt_load(weights, map_location=device) # load FP32 model
imgsz = check_img_size(imgsz, s=model.stride.max()) # check img_size
# 设置Float16
if half:
model.half() # to FP16
# Second-stage classifier
# 设置第二级分类,默认不使用
classify = False
if classify:
modelc = load_classifier(name='resnet101', n=2) # initialize
modelc.load_state_dict(torch.load('weights/resnet101.pt', map_location=device)['model']) # load weights
modelc.to(device).eval() # eval()不启用 BatchNormalization 和 Dropout
# Set Dataloader
# 通过不同的输入源来设置不同的数据加载方式
vid_path, vid_writer = None, None
if webcam:
view_img = True
cudnn.benchmark = True # set True to speed up constant image size inference
dataset = LoadStreams(source, img_size=imgsz)
else:
save_img = True
# 加载图片或视频
dataset = LoadImages(source, img_size=imgsz)
# Get names and colors
# 获取类别名字字符串列表
names = model.module.names if hasattr(model, 'module') else model.names
# 设置画框的颜色(RGB值(列表)的列表)
colors = [[random.randint(0, 255) for _ in range(3)] for _ in range(len(names))]
# Run inference
t0 = time.time()
# 进行一次前向推理,测试程序是否正常
img = torch.zeros((1, 3, imgsz, imgsz), device=device) # init img
_ = model(img.half() if half else img) if device.type != 'cpu' else None # run once
"""
path 图片/视频路径
img 进行resize+pad之后的图片, 如(3,384,640) 格式(c,h,w)
img0s 原size图片,如(720,1280,3)
vid_cap 当读取图片时为None,读取视频时为视频源
"""
for path, img, im0s, vid_cap in dataset:
img = torch.from_numpy(img).to(device) # Tensor
# 图片也设置为Float16
img = img.half() if half else img.float() # uint8 to fp16/32
img /= 255.0 # 0 ~ 255 to 0.0 ~ 1.0
# 没有batch_size时,在最前面添加一个轴
if img.ndimension() == 3:
img = img.unsqueeze(0) # shape 如 (1,3,384,640)
# Inference
t1 = time_synchronized()
"""
前向传播 返回pred的shape是(1, num_boxes, 5+num_class)
h,w为传入网络图片的高和宽。注意dataset在检测时使用了矩形推理,所以这里h不一定等于w
num_boxes = (h/32 * w/32 + h/16 * w/16 + h/8 * w/8)*3
例如:图片大小720,1280-->15120个boxes = (20*12 + 40*24 + 80*48=5040)*3
pred[..., 0:4]为预测框坐标; 预测框坐标为xywh(中心点+宽高)格式
pred[..., 4]为objectness置信度得分
pred[..., 5:-1]为分类概率结果
"""
pred = model(img, augment=opt.augment)[0]
# Apply NMS
# 进行NMS
"""
pred: 前向传播的输出
conf_thres: 置信度阈值
iou_thres: iou阈值
classes: 是否只保留特定的类别
agnostic_nms: 进行nms是否也去除不同类别之间的框
经过nms之后,预测框格式:xywh-->xyxy(左上角右下角)
pred是一个列表list[torch.tensor],长度为NMS后的目标框的个数
每一个torch.tensor的shape为(num_boxes, 6),内容为box(4个值)+conf+cls
"""
pred = non_max_suppression(pred, opt.conf_thres, opt.iou_thres, classes=opt.classes, agnostic=opt.agnostic_nms)
t2 = time_synchronized()
# Apply Classifier
# 添加第二级分类,默认不使用
if classify:
pred = apply_classifier(pred, modelc, img, im0s)
# Process detections
# 对每一张图片作处理
for i, det in enumerate(pred): # detections per image
# 如果输入源是webcam,则batch_size不为1,取出dataset中的一张图片
if webcam: # batch_size >= 1
p, s, im0 = path[i], '%g: ' % i, im0s[i].copy()
else:
p, s, im0 = path, '', im0s
# 设置保存图片或视频的路径
# p是原图片路径(含文件名)
save_path = str(Path(out) / Path(p).name)
# 设置保存框坐标txt文件的路径
txt_path = str(Path(out) / Path(p).stem) + ('_%g' % dataset.frame if dataset.mode == 'video' else '')
# 设置打印信息(图片宽高), s 如‘384*640’
s += '%gx%g ' % img.shape[2:] # print string
# gn 如[810,1080,810,1080]
gn = torch.tensor(im0.shape)[[1, 0, 1, 0]] # normalization gain whwh
if det is not None and len(det):
# Rescale boxes from img_size to im0 size
# 调整预测框的坐标:基于resize+pad的图片的坐标-->基于原size图片的坐标
# 此时坐标格式为xyxy
det[:, :4] = scale_coords(img.shape[2:], det[:, :4], im0.shape).round()
# Print results
# 打印检测到的类别数量
for c in det[:, -1].unique():
n = (det[:, -1] == c).sum() # detections per class
s += '%g %ss, ' % (n, names[int(c)]) # add to string
# Write results
# 保存预测结果
for *xyxy, conf, cls in reversed(det):
if save_txt: # Write to file
# 将xyxy(左上角+右下角)格式转为xywh(中心点+宽高)格式,并除上w,h做归一化,转化为列表再保存
xywh = (xyxy2xywh(torch.tensor(xyxy).view(1, 4)) / gn).view(-1).tolist() # normalized xywh
with open(txt_path + '.txt', 'a') as f:
f.write(('%g ' * len(line) + '\n') % line) # label format
# 在原图上画框
if save_img or view_img: # Add bbox to image
label = '%s %.2f' % (names[int(cls)], conf)
plot_one_box(xyxy, im0, label=label, color=colors[int(cls)], line_thickness=3)
# Print time (inference + NMS)
# 打印前向传播+nms时间
print('%sDone. (%.3fs)' % (s, t2 - t1))
# Stream results
# 如果设置展示,则画出图片/视频
if view_img:
cv2.imshow(p, im0)
if cv2.waitKey(1) == ord('q'): # q to quit
raise StopIteration
# Save results (image with detections)
# 设置保存图片/视频
if save_img:
if dataset.mode == 'images':
cv2.imwrite(save_path, im0)
else:
if vid_path != save_path: # new video
vid_path = save_path
if isinstance(vid_writer, cv2.VideoWriter):
vid_writer.release() # release previous video writer
fourcc = 'mp4v' # output video codec
fps = vid_cap.get(cv2.CAP_PROP_FPS)
w = int(vid_cap.get(cv2.CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH))
h = int(vid_cap.get(cv2.CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT))
vid_writer = cv2.VideoWriter(save_path, cv2.VideoWriter_fourcc(*fourcc), fps, (w, h))
vid_writer.write(im0)
if save_txt or save_img:
print('Results saved to %s' % Path(out))
# 打印总时间
print('Done. (%.3fs)' % (time.time() - t0))
if __name__ == '__main__':
# 建立参数解析对象parser
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
"""
weights: 训练的权重
source: 测试数据,可以是图片/视频路径,也可以是'0'(电脑自带摄像头),也可以是rtsp等视频流
img-size: 网络输入图片大小
conf-thres: 置信度阈值
iou-thres: 做nms的iou阈值
device: 设置设备
view-img: 是否展示预测之后的图片/视频,默认False
save-txt: 是否将预测的框坐标以txt文件形式保存,默认False
save-conf: 是否将预测的框置信度以txt文件形式保存,默认False
save-dir: 网络预测之后的图片/视频的保存路径
classes: 设置只保留某一部分类别,形如0或者0 2 3
agnostic-nms: 进行nms是否也去除不同类别之间的框,默认False
augment: 推理的时候进行多尺度,翻转等操作(TTA)推理
update: 如果为True,则对所有模型进行strip_optimizer操作,去除pt文件中的优化器等信息,默认为False
"""
# 添加属性:给xx实例增加一个aa属性,如 xx.add_argument("aa")
# nargs - 应该读取的命令行参数个数。*号,表示0或多个参数;+号表示1或多个参数。
# action - 命令行遇到参数时的动作。action=‘store_true’,只要运行时该变量有传参就将该变量设为True。
parser.add_argument('--weights', nargs='+', type=str, default='yolov5s.pt', help='model.pt path(s)')
parser.add_argument('--source', type=str, default='inference/images', help='source') # file/folder, 0 for webcam
parser.add_argument('--img-size', type=int, default=640, help='inference size (pixels)')
parser.add_argument('--conf-thres', type=float, default=0.25, help='object confidence threshold')
parser.add_argument('--iou-thres', type=float, default=0.45, help='IOU threshold for NMS')
parser.add_argument('--device', default='', help='cuda device, i.e. 0 or 0,1,2,3 or cpu')
parser.add_argument('--view-img', action='store_true', help='display results')
parser.add_argument('--save-txt', action='store_true', help='save results to *.txt')
parser.add_argument('--save-conf', action='store_true', help='save confidences in --save-txt labels')
parser.add_argument('--save-dir', type=str, default='inference/output', help='directory to save results')
parser.add_argument('--classes', nargs='+', type=int, help='filter by class: --class 0, or --class 0 2 3')
parser.add_argument('--agnostic-nms', action='store_true', help='class-agnostic NMS')
parser.add_argument('--augment', action='store_true', help='augmented inference')
parser.add_argument('--update', action='store_true', help='update all models')
# 采用parser对象的parse_args函数获取解析的参数
opt = parser.parse_args()
print(opt)
with torch.no_grad(): # 一个上下文管理器,被该语句wrap起来的部分将不会track梯度
if opt.update: # update all models (to fix SourceChangeWarning)
for opt.weights in ['yolov5s.pt', 'yolov5m.pt', 'yolov5l.pt', 'yolov5x.pt']:
detect()
# 去除pt文件中的优化器等信息
strip_optimizer(opt.weights)
else:
detect()