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高州阳光论坛https://www.hnthzk.com/ 人人影视http://www.op-kg.com/第一种,fit
import keras from keras.models import Sequential from keras.layers import Dense import numpy as np from sklearn.preprocessing import LabelEncoder from sklearn.preprocessing import OneHotEncoder from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
#读取数据
x_train = np.load(“D:\machineTest\testmulPE_win7\data_sprase.npy”)[()]
y_train = np.load(“D:\machineTest\testmulPE_win7\lable_sprase.npy”)
获取分类类别总数
classes = len(np.unique(y_train))
#对label进行one-hot编码,必须的
label_encoder = LabelEncoder()
integer_encoded = label_encoder.fit_transform(y_train)
onehot_encoder = OneHotEncoder(sparse=False)
integer_encoded = integer_encoded.reshape(len(integer_encoded), 1)
y_train = onehot_encoder.fit_transform(integer_encoded)
#shuffle
X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(x_train, y_train, test_size=0.3, random_state=0)
model = Sequential()
model.add(Dense(units=1000, activation=‘relu’, input_dim=784))
model.add(Dense(units=classes, activation=‘softmax’))
model.compile(loss=‘categorical_crossentropy’,
optimizer=‘sgd’,
metrics=[‘accuracy’])
model.fit(X_train, y_train, epochs=50, batch_size=128)
score = model.evaluate(X_test, y_test, batch_size=128)
#fit参数详情
keras.models.fit(
self,
x=None, #训练数据
y=None, #训练数据label标签
batch_size=None, #每经过多少个sample更新一次权重,defult 32
epochs=1, #训练的轮数epochs
verbose=1, #0为不在标准输出流输出日志信息,1为输出进度条记录,2为每个epoch输出一行记录
callbacks=None,#list,list中的元素为keras.callbacks.Callback对象,在训练过程中会调用list中的回调函数
validation_split=0., #浮点数0-1,将训练集中的一部分比例作为验证集,然后下面的验证集validation_data将不会起到作用
validation_data=None, #验证集
shuffle=True, #布尔值和字符串,如果为布尔值,表示是否在每一次epoch训练前随机打乱输入样本的顺序,如果为"batch",为处理HDF5数据
class_weight=None, #dict,分类问题的时候,有的类别可能需要额外关注,分错的时候给的惩罚会比较大,所以权重会调高,体现在损失函数上面
sample_weight=None, #array,和输入样本对等长度,对输入的每个特征+个权值,如果是时序的数据,则采用(samples,sequence_length)的矩阵
initial_epoch=0, #如果之前做了训练,则可以从指定的epoch开始训练
steps_per_epoch=None, #将一个epoch分为多少个steps,也就是划分一个batch_size多大,比如steps_per_epoch=10,则就是将训练集分为10份,不能和batch_size共同使用
validation_steps=None, #当steps_per_epoch被启用的时候才有用,验证集的batch_size
**kwargs #用于和后端交互
)
返回的是一个History对象,可以通过History.history来查看训练过程,loss值等等
第二种,fit_generator(节省内存)
# 第二种,可以节省内存 ''' Created on 2018-4-11 fit_generate.txt,后面两列为lable,已经one-hot编码 1 2 0 1 2 3 1 0 1 3 0 1 1 4 0 1 2 4 1 0 2 5 1 0
‘’’
import keras
from keras.models import Sequential
from keras.layers import Dense
import numpy as np
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
count =1
def generate_arrays_from_file(path):
global count
while 1:
datas = np.loadtxt(path,delimiter=’ ',dtype=“int”)
x = datas[:,:2]
y = datas[:,2:]
print(“count:”+str(count))
count = count+1
yield (x,y)
x_valid = np.array([[1,2],[2,3]])
y_valid = np.array([[0,1],[1,0]])
model = Sequential()
model.add(Dense(units=1000, activation=‘relu’, input_dim=2))
model.add(Dense(units=2, activation=‘softmax’))
model.compile(loss=‘categorical_crossentropy’,
optimizer=‘sgd’,
metrics=[‘accuracy’])
model.fit_generator(generate_arrays_from_file(“D:\fit_generate.txt”),steps_per_epoch=10, epochs=2,max_queue_size=1,validation_data=(x_valid, y_valid),workers=1)
steps_per_epoch 每执行一次steps,就去执行一次生产函数generate_arrays_from_file
max_queue_size 从生产函数中出来的数据时可以缓存在queue队列中
输出如下:
Epoch 1/2
count:1
count:2
1/10 [==>…] - ETA: 2s - loss: 0.7145 - acc: 0.3333count:3
count:4
count:5
count:6
count:7
7/10 [====================>…] - ETA: 0s - loss: 0.7001 - acc: 0.4286count:8
count:9
count:10
count:11
10/10 [==============================] - 0s 36ms/step - loss: 0.6960 - acc: 0.4500 - val_loss: 0.6794 - val_acc: 0.5000
Epoch 2/2
1/10 [==>…] - ETA: 0s - loss: 0.6829 - acc: 0.5000count:12
count:13
count:14
count:15
5/10 [==============>…] - ETA: 0s - loss: 0.6800 - acc: 0.5000count:16
count:17
count:18
count:19
count:20
10/10 [==============================] - 0s 11ms/step - loss: 0.6766 - acc: 0.5000 - val_loss: 0.6662 - val_acc: 0.5000
补充知识:
自动生成数据还可以继承keras.utils.Sequence,然后写自己的生成数据类:
keras数据自动生成器,继承keras.utils.Sequence,结合fit_generator实现节约内存训练
#coding=utf-8 ''' Created on 2018-7-10 ''' import keras import math import os import cv2 import numpy as np from keras.models import Sequential from keras.layers import Dense
class DataGenerator(keras.utils.Sequence):
def init(self, datas, batch_size=1, shuffle=True):
self.batch_size = batch_size
self.datas = datas
self.indexes = np.arange(len(self.datas))
self.shuffle = shuffle
def len(self):
#计算每一个epoch的迭代次数
return math.ceil(len(self.datas) / float(self.batch_size))
def getitem(self, index):
#生成每个batch数据,这里就根据自己对数据的读取方式进行发挥了
生成batch_size个索引
batch_indexs = self.indexes[index*self.batch_size:(index+1)*self.batch_size]
根据索引获取datas集合中的数据
batch_datas = [self.datas[k] for k in batch_indexs]
生成数据
X, y = self.data_generation(batch_datas)
return X, y
def on_epoch_end(self):
#在每一次epoch结束是否需要进行一次随机,重新随机一下index
if self.shuffle == True:
np.random.shuffle(self.indexes)
def data_generation(self, batch_datas):
images = []
labels = []
生成数据
for i, data in enumerate(batch_datas):
#x_train数据
image = cv2.imread(data)
image = list(image)
images.append(image)
#y_train数据
right = data.rfind("\",0)
left = data.rfind("\",0,right)+1
class_name = data[left:right]
if class_name==“dog”:
labels.append([0,1])
else:
labels.append([1,0])
#如果为多输出模型,Y的格式要变一下,外层list格式包裹numpy格式是list[numpy_out1,numpy_out2,numpy_out3]
return np.array(images), np.array(labels)
读取样本名称,然后根据样本名称去读取数据
class_num = 0
train_datas = []
for file in os.listdir(“D:/xxx”):
file_path = os.path.join(“D:/xxx”, file)
if os.path.isdir(file_path):
class_num = class_num + 1
for sub_file in os.listdir(file_path):
train_datas.append(os.path.join(file_path, sub_file))
数据生成器
training_generator = DataGenerator(train_datas)
#构建网络
model = Sequential()
model.add(Dense(units=64, activation=‘relu’, input_dim=784))
model.add(Dense(units=2, activation=‘softmax’))
model.compile(loss=‘categorical_crossentropy’,
optimizer=‘sgd’,
metrics=[‘accuracy’])
model.compile(optimizer=‘sgd’, loss=‘categorical_crossentropy’, metrics=[‘accuracy’])
model.fit_generator(training_generator, epochs=50,max_queue_size=10,workers=1)
以上这篇keras 两种训练模型方式详解fit和fit_generator(节省内存)就是小编分享给大家的全部内容了,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持菜鸟教程www.piaodoo.com。