设计模式学习（C++实现）16——中介模式

概述

中介模式，顾名思义，通过一个中介来完成信息的流动，例如找房子，每个人可以直接跟另一个人联系买房，但如果人数很多，而买方又希望多方比价，那么每个人跟每个人之间的关系会变得十分复杂，而且效率较低，在现实生活中，我们往往通过中介来解决这个问题，所有人（无论买方或是卖方），都将信息发送到中介，再从中介获取信息，或者使用观察者模式订阅某个信息，中介主要起到信息转发的作用；同样的类似QQ，会先将消息发送到服务器，再由服务器转发到接收方。

代码实现

class Customer;
class Mediator {
public:
  static Mediator *GetMediator() {
    static std::once_flag once_flag;
    std::call_once(once_flag,
                   []() { mediator_ = std::make_unique<Mediator>(); });
    return mediator_.get();
  }

  void Register(Customer *customer);

  void Relay(const std::string &msg);

private:
  Mediator() = default;
  static std::unique_ptr<Mediator> mediator_;
  std::vector<Customer *> customers_;
};

class Customer {
public:
  Customer() : mediator_(Mediator::GetMediator()) { mediator_->Register(this); }

  virtual void Send() = 0;

  virtual void Receive(const std::string &msg) = 0;

protected:
  Mediator *mediator_;
};

class Customer_1 : public Customer {
public:
  void Send() override {
    std::string msg = "Customer 2, I love you, do you love me?";
    mediator_->Relay(msg);
  }

  void Receive(const std::string &msg) override {
    if (msg == "Yes" || msg == "y") {
      std::cout << "I'm so happy!" << std::endl;
    }
  }
};

class Customer_2 : public Customer {
public:
  void Send() override {
    std::string msg = "No";
    mediator_->Relay(msg);
  }

  void Receive(const std::string &msg) override {
    std::cout << "Don't bother me." << std::endl;
  }
};

void Mediator::Register(Customer *customer) { customers_.push_back(customer); }

void Mediator::Relay(const std::string &msg) {
  for (auto k : customers_) {
    k->Receive(msg);
  }
}

int main(){
  Customer* customer1 = new Customer_1();
  Customer* customer2 = new Customer_1();
  customer1->Send();
  customer2->Send();
}

中介模式一个典型的案例是ROS中的master节点，虽然它带来很多方便，但由于master节点有着至关重要的地位，一旦master节点crash导致整个系统挂掉，因此中介模式在不同情况下也需要慎用。