实现3D引擎（七）- VAO & VBO & EBO

    本文将实现VAO同时绑定多个VBO中的数据。

    关系如下：

 

    代码示例

#include<iostream>
#define GLEW_STATIC
#include<GL/glew.h>
#include<GLFW/glfw3.h>

const char* vertexShaderSource =
"#version 330 core                     \n"
"layout(location = 0) in vec3 positionNew; \n"
"layout(location = 1) in vec3 position; \n"
"layout(location = 2) in vec3 color; \n"
"out vec3 vertexColor;                     \n"
"void main() {                          \n"
"        vertexColor  = color;     \n"
"		gl_Position = vec4(positionNew, 1.0); } \n ";


const char* fragmentShaderSource =
"#version 330 core             \n"
"in vec3 vertexColor;          \n"
"out vec4 fragColor;           \n"
"void main(){                  \n"
"	fragColor = vec4(vertexColor, 1.0f);}  \n";


GLfloat verticesNew[] = {
    0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 
    1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 
    1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 	  
    0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f
};

float vertices[] = {
    // positions          // colors          
     0.5f,  0.5f, 0.0f,   1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,  
     0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,   0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,  
    -0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,   0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,  
    -0.5f,  0.5f, 0.0f,   1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f  
};

unsigned int indices[] = {
    0, 1, 3, // first triangle
    1, 2, 3  // second triangle
};

int main()
{
    glfwInit();
    glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3);    //主版本号
    glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 3);    //次版本号
    glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE);//核心模式

    GLFWwindow* window = glfwCreateWindow(800, 600, "OpenGL Game", NULL, NULL); //创建窗口
    if (window == NULL)
    {
        std::cout << "Open window failed!" << std::endl;
        glfwTerminate();
        return -1;
    }
    //将窗口的上下文设置为当前线程的主上下文
    glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);

    //GLEW是用来管理OpenGL的函数指针,调用任何OpenGL的函数之前都需要初始化GLEW
    glewExperimental = GL_TRUE;
    if (glewInit() != GLEW_OK)
    {
        std::cout << "Init Glew failed！" << std::endl;
        glfwTerminate();
        return -1;
    }

    int width, height;
    //从GLFW中获取视口大小
    glfwGetFramebufferSize(window, &width, &height);
    //窗口左下角的位置、宽度、高度
    glViewport(0, 0, width, height);

    //顶点数组对象
    unsigned int VAO;
    glGenVertexArrays(1, &VAO);
    glBindVertexArray(VAO);

    //索引缓冲对象
    unsigned int EBO;
    glGenBuffers(1, &EBO);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, EBO);
    glBufferData(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(indices), indices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);

    //顶点缓冲对象
    unsigned int VBO[2];
    glGenBuffers(2, VBO);

    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, VBO[0]);
    //将顶点数据复制到缓冲中
    glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(verticesNew), verticesNew, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
   // glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, EBO);
      glBufferData(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(indices), indices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
    //顶点属性配置,告诉OpenGL该如何解析顶点数据
    glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 3 * sizeof(float), (void*)0);
    glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);

    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, VBO[1]);
    //将顶点数据复制到缓冲中
    glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(vertices), vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
    //顶点属性配置,告诉OpenGL该如何解析顶点数据
    glVertexAttribPointer(1, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 6 * sizeof(float), (void*)0);
    glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);
    glVertexAttribPointer(2, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 6 * sizeof(float), (void*)(3 * sizeof(float)));
    glEnableVertexAttribArray(2);

    //创建顶点着色器
    unsigned int vertexShader = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
    glShaderSource(vertexShader, 1, &vertexShaderSource, NULL);
    glCompileShader(vertexShader);

    //创建片段着色器
    unsigned int fragmentShader = glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
    glShaderSource(fragmentShader, 1, &fragmentShaderSource, NULL);
    glCompileShader(fragmentShader);

    //创建着色器程序
    unsigned int shaderProgram = glCreateProgram();
    glAttachShader(shaderProgram, vertexShader);
    glAttachShader(shaderProgram, fragmentShader);
    glLinkProgram(shaderProgram);

    //检查GLFW是否要求退出
    while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window))
    {
        //检查是否触发事件（鼠标移动、键盘输入等），如果有则调用相应的回调函数
        glfwPollEvents();
        //渲染操作放入循环中
        //清屏
        glClearColor(0.2f, 0.3f, 0.3f, 1.0);
        glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);

        glBindVertexArray(VAO);
        glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, EBO);
        //启用着色器程序
        glUseProgram(shaderProgram);
        //绘制
        glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, 6, GL_UNSIGNED_INT, 0);
        //glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 6);
        //交换颜色缓冲
        glfwSwapBuffers(window);
    }
    //结束时释放资源
    glfwTerminate();
    return 0;
}

运行结果

    此时绘制的是VBO0中的顶点数据和VBO1中颜色数据。

    想要绘制VBO1中的顶点数据和颜色数据，将顶点着色器中的代码

gl_Position = vec4(positionNew, 1.0);

    修改为

gl_Position = vec4(position, 1.0);

    运行结果