Unity 客户端框架（一）：有限状态机

有限状态机是把一个对象的行为分解称为易于处理的“块”或状态。例如，灯的开关，就是一个简单的有限状态机。

为什么要用？

通常，在一个程序里面，转换各种状态，需要使用一系列的if－then语句或者switch语句。如果内容少的话这会很容易理解，也合理，但是当内容非常庞大的时候，这时候这种方法写的代码就如一个怪物，这时候FSM就出现了。

代码如下：

public class FSM
    {
        //转换状态回调
        public delegate void FSMTranslationCallFunc();
        //进入状态回调
        public delegate void OnEnterState();
        //离开状态回调
        public delegate void OnExitState();

        //状态类
        public class FSMState
        {
            public string name;
            public OnEnterState onEnter;
            public OnExitState onExit;

            public FSMState(string name, OnEnterState enter = null, OnExitState exit = null)
            {
                this.name = name;
                onEnter = enter;
                onExit = exit;
            }

            //转换状态的字典
            public Dictionary<string, FSMTranslation> TranslationDict = new Dictionary<string, FSMTranslation>();

        }

        //转换状态事件类
        public class FSMTranslation
        {
            //前状态
            public FSMState fromState;
            public string name;
            //要转换的状态
            public FSMState toState;
            public FSMTranslationCallFunc callFunc;

            public FSMTranslation(FSMState fromState, string name, FSMState toState, FSMTranslationCallFunc callFunc)
            {
                this.fromState = fromState;
                this.toState = toState;
                this.name = name;
                this.callFunc = callFunc;
            }

        }

        //当前状态
        public FSMState curState;

        //状态字典
        public Dictionary<string, FSMState> StateDict = new Dictionary<string, FSMState>();

        //增加状态
        public void AddState(FSMState state)
        {
            StateDict[state.name] = state;
        }

        //增加转换状态
        public void AddTranslation(FSMTranslation translation)
        {

            StateDict[translation.fromState.name].TranslationDict[translation.name] = translation;
            
        }

        //初始化
        public void Start(FSMState state)
        {
            curState = state;
            curState.onEnter();
            Debug.Log("FSM Start : " + state.name);
        }

        //切换状态
        public void HandlerEvent(string name)
        {
            //name = curState.name + "To" + name;

            //当前状态有目标转换状态事件的话
            if (curState != null && curState.TranslationDict.ContainsKey(name))
            {
                //Debug.Log("From " + curState.name);

                if (curState.onExit != null)
                {
                    Debug.Log("Exit : " + curState.name);
                    curState.onExit();
                }

                //转换回调
                curState.TranslationDict[name].callFunc();
                curState = curState.TranslationDict[name].toState;
                //Debug.Log(" To " + curState.name);

                if (curState.onEnter != null)
                {
                    Debug.Log("Enter : " + curState.name);
                    curState.onEnter();
                }
            }
        }


    }