英文科技论文写作常见错误整理(自用)

自己在英文写作时的常犯语法错误，mark一下

一. 常见错误分类

1. 多余叙述

错误	正确
Due to the different spaces in which the uncertainties	Due to uncertainties
while used to solve NMOPs	while solving NMOPs
The robust optimization is committed to address…	The robust optimization addresses…
The improved selection strategies are aimed to improve…	The improved selection strategies aim to improve…

2. 冠词使用

错误	正确
the Kriging model	Kriging model

[注]：the的几个用法：

1. the+可数名词单数为泛指的概念，尤其是提到生物或通用机器设备时。The computer (=Computers have) has
   become an important tool for researchers.

2. the指前面已经向读者介绍过的已有信息。A pot
   experiment was conducted in an acid soil. The experiment showed…

3. the指后面的信息，详细说明信息指的是哪一块。The aim of this study was to investigate the
   effect of limiting on Cd uptake.

3. 参考文献在正文中引用

错误	正确
[25] proposes a novel method to…	Tom proposes a novel method to…

4. 介词使用

错误	正确
It is not easy to reduce the effect of noises in a single method.	It is not easy to reduce the effect of noises with a single method.

5. 宾从使用

错误	正确
to determine when to generate a new individual and re-evaluate an exist one.	to determine when a new individual is generate and when an exiting one is reevaluated.

6. which和that区分

首先区分限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。

限定性： 关系从句对整个句子的含义非常重要，建议用that，且不能用逗号分开；
Land which is surrounded by water is an island.

非限定性：关系从句仅是附加信息，不是必要信息。需要用逗号分开。
Tasmania, surrounded by the waters of Bass Strait, is an island of great natural beauty.

二，不同部分的书写常用语句/词组

1. 方法部分描述Method

用于说明某个步骤是用来干嘛的
A…approach was used/chosen/adopted to ensure that…/help understand how…/evaluate the effectiveness of…/determine the factors that affect…/gain a detailed understanding of…/capture the complexities of the phenomenon.

说明某个步骤的问题/缺点
The main disadvantage of the experimental method is that…/However, there are certain drawbacks associated with the use of…

描述过程
为了。。。
In order to identify/understand how X regulates Y…,…was performed.

To establish whether,…

To see if the two methods gave the same measurement, the data was plotted and…

To increase the realiablity of measures, each X was tested twice with a 4-minute break between…

For the purpose of analysis,…

顺序性词语
To begin this process,…
Prior to…
After…,…
On…,…
Once…,…
Following this treatment,…
When…,…
Finally,…