ICMP协议实现ping的测试

连蒙带抄

ICMP英文解释:Internet Control Message Protocol

ICMP常见类型：

ICMP类型和编码：

icmp request:

icmp reply:

icmp协议实现ping程序的测试代码：

#define _WINSOCK_DEPRECATED_NO_WARNINGS

#include <winsock2.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "WS2_32")  

class CInitSock
{
public:

	CInitSock(BYTE minorVer = 2, BYTE majorVer = 2)
	{
		WSADATA wsaData;
		WORD sockVersion = MAKEWORD(minorVer, majorVer);
		if (::WSAStartup(sockVersion, &wsaData) != 0)
		{
			exit(0);
		}
	}


	~CInitSock()
	{
		::WSACleanup();
	}
};

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

CInitSock initSock;     // 初始化Winsock库

#pragma pack(1)

typedef struct icmp_hdr
{
	unsigned char   icmp_type;      // 消息类型
	unsigned char   icmp_code;      // 代码
	unsigned short  icmp_checksum;  // 校验和
	// 下面是回显头
	unsigned short  icmp_id;        // 用来惟一标识此请求的ID号，通常设置为进程ID
	unsigned short  icmp_sequence;  // 序列号
	//unsigned long   icmp_timestamp; // 时间戳
} ICMP_HDR, * PICMP_HDR;

typedef struct
{
	unsigned char pad[20];
}IPHeader;

#pragma pack()

USHORT checksum(USHORT* buff, int size)
{
	unsigned long cksum = 0;

	while (size > 1)
	{
		cksum += *buff++;
		size -= sizeof(USHORT);
	}

	if (size)
	{
		cksum += *(UCHAR*)buff;
	}

	cksum = (cksum >> 16) + (cksum & 0xffff);
	cksum += (cksum >> 16);
	return (USHORT)(~cksum);
}


int main()
{
	// 目的IP地址，即要Ping的IP地址
	char szDestIp[] = "36.152.44.96";	//江苏省南京市 北京百度网讯科技有限公司移动节点

	// 创建原始套节字
	SOCKET sRaw = ::socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP);

	// 设置目的地址
	SOCKADDR_IN dest;
	dest.sin_family = AF_INET;
	dest.sin_port = htons(12345);	//can be any thing,forget it, just test it!
	dest.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr(szDestIp);

	// 创建ICMP封包
	char buff[sizeof(ICMP_HDR) + 32];
	ICMP_HDR* pIcmp = (ICMP_HDR*)buff;
	// 填写ICMP封包数据
	pIcmp->icmp_type = 8;   // 请求一个ICMP回显
	pIcmp->icmp_code = 0;
	pIcmp->icmp_id = (USHORT)::GetCurrentProcessId();
	pIcmp->icmp_checksum = 0;
	pIcmp->icmp_sequence = 0;
	// 填充数据部分，可以为任意
	memset(&buff[sizeof(ICMP_HDR)], 'E', 32);

	// 开始发送和接收ICMP封包
	USHORT  nSeq = 0;
	char recvBuf[1024];
	SOCKADDR_IN from;
	int nLen = sizeof(from);
	while (TRUE)
	{
		static int nCount = 0;
		int nRet;
		if (nCount++ == 4) {
			break;
		}
		pIcmp->icmp_checksum = 0;
		//pIcmp->icmp_timestamp = ::GetTickCount();
		pIcmp->icmp_sequence = nSeq++;
		pIcmp->icmp_checksum = checksum((USHORT*)buff, sizeof(ICMP_HDR) + 32);
		nRet = ::sendto(sRaw, buff, sizeof(ICMP_HDR) + 32, 0, (SOCKADDR*)&dest, sizeof(dest));
		if (nRet == SOCKET_ERROR)
		{
			cout << " sendto() failed: " << ::WSAGetLastError() << endl;
			return -1;
		}
		nRet = ::recvfrom(sRaw, recvBuf, 1024, 0, (sockaddr*)&from, &nLen);
		if (nRet == SOCKET_ERROR)
		{
			if (::WSAGetLastError() == WSAETIMEDOUT)
			{
				cout << " timed out" << endl;
				continue;
			}
			cout << " recvfrom() failed: " << ::WSAGetLastError() << endl;
			return -1;
		}

		// 下面开始解析接收到的ICMP封包
		int nTick = ::GetTickCount();
		if (nRet < sizeof(IPHeader) + sizeof(ICMP_HDR))
		{
			cout << " Too few bytes from %s" << ::inet_ntoa(from.sin_addr) << endl;
		}
		// 接收到的数据中包含IP头，IP头大小为20个字节，所以加20得到ICMP头
		ICMP_HDR* pRecvIcmp = (ICMP_HDR*)(recvBuf + sizeof(IPHeader));
		if (pRecvIcmp->icmp_type != 0)   // 回显
		{
			cout << " nonecho type " << pRecvIcmp->icmp_type << " recvd" << endl;
			return -1;
		}

		if (pRecvIcmp->icmp_id != ::GetCurrentProcessId())
		{
			cout << " someone else's packet!" << endl;
			return -1;
		}

		cout << nRet << " bytes from " << inet_ntoa(from.sin_addr)
			<< " icmp_seq = " << pRecvIcmp->icmp_sequence << "."
			<< " time: " << nTick /*- pRecvIcmp->icmp_timestamp*/ << "ms" << endl;

		::Sleep(1000);
	}

	return 0;
}