Real-Time Rendering——5.2.1 Directional Lights 方向光

Directional light is the simplest model of a light source. Both l and clight are constant over the scene, except that clight may be attenuated by shadowing.

平行光是最简单的光源模型。l和clight在场景中都是恒定的，除了clight可能被阴影衰减。

Directional lights are abstractions, which work well when the distance to the light is large relative to the scene size.

平行光是抽象的，当与灯光的距离相对于场景尺寸较大时，它工作得很好。

For example, a floodlight 20 feet away illuminating a small tabletop diorama could be represented as a directional light. Another example is pretty much any scene lit by the sun, unless the scene in question is something such as the inner planets of the solar system.

例如，20英尺外照亮一个小的桌面立体布景的泛光灯可以表示为平行光。另一个例子是几乎任何被太阳照亮的场景，除非所讨论的场景是诸如太阳系内行星之类的东西。

The concept of a directional light can be somewhat extended to allow varying the value of clight while the light direction l remains constant. This is most often done to bound the effect of the light to a particular part of the scene for performance or creative reasons. For example, a region could be defined with two nested (one inside the other) box-shaped volumes, where clight is equal to (0, 0, 0) (pure black) outside the outer box, is equal to some constant value inside the inner box, and smoothly interpolates between those extremes in the region between the two boxes.

定向光的概念可以稍微扩展，以允许在光方向l保持不变的同时改变clight的值。出于表演或创作的原因，这通常是为了将灯光效果绑定到场景的特定部分。例如，可以用两个嵌套(一个在另一个内部)的盒状体积来定义一个区域，其中clight在外部盒体外部等于(0，0，0)(纯黑色)，在内部盒体内部等于某个常数值，并且在两个盒体之间的区域中的这些极值之间平滑插值。