POJ2559 Largest Rectangle in a Histogram（单调栈）

Largest Rectangle in a Histogram

传送门

Description

A histogram is a polygon composed of a sequence of rectangles aligned at a common base line. The rectangles have equal widths but may have different heights. For example, the figure on the left shows the histogram that consists of rectangles with the heights 2, 1, 4, 5, 1, 3, 3, measured in units where 1 is the width of the rectangles:

Usually, histograms are used to represent discrete distributions, e.g., the frequencies of characters in texts. Note that the order of the rectangles, i.e., their heights, is important. Calculate the area of the largest rectangle in a histogram that is aligned at the common base line, too. The figure on the right shows the largest aligned rectangle for the depicted histogram.

Input

The input contains several test cases. Each test case describes a histogram and starts with an integer n, denoting the number of rectangles it is composed of. You may assume that 1<=n<=100000. Then follow n integers h1,…,hn, where 0<=hi<=1000000000. These numbers denote the heights of the rectangles of the histogram in left-to-right order. The width of each rectangle is 1. A zero follows the input for the last test case.

Output

For each test case output on a single line the area of the largest rectangle in the specified histogram. Remember that this rectangle must be aligned at the common base line.

Sample Input

7 2 1 4 5 1 3 3
4 1000 1000 1000 1000
0

Sample Output

8
4000

Hint

Huge input, scanf is recommended.

思路

在栈中维护一个高度单调递增的长方体序列，每个长方体在出栈时更新最大面积，同时将宽度累加到新入栈的长方体之上。

#include<cstdio>
#include<algorithm>
#define int long long
using namespace std;
const int maxn=1e5+5;
struct N{int h,w;}st[maxn];
int tot,v,n,ans;

signed main(){
    while(scanf("%lld",&n),n){
        tot=0;  ans=0;
        for(int i=0;i<=n;i++){
            if(i!=n)    scanf("%lld",&v);
            else    v=-1;
            int len=0;
            while(tot>0&&st[tot-1].h>=v){
                len+=st[tot-1].w;
                ans=max(ans,len*st[tot-1].h);
                tot--;
            }
            st[tot++]=N{v,len+1};
        }
        printf("%lld\n",ans);
    }
}