GAMES101 作业5(光线追踪的求交公式)

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目录

第一题(重心坐标求交)

第二题

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编译时的坑:

因为我是在 windows 环境下用 vs2019 做作业, 所以遇到了编译上的问题, CMakeLists 文件中的这一句 target_compile_options(RayTracing PUBLIC -Wall -Wextra -pedantic -Wshadow -Wreturn-type -fsanitize=undefined), 需要改为 target_compile_options(RayTracing PUBLIC -Wall -pedantic -fsanitize=undefined), 不过不知道最好的解决方案是不是这种。因为删去的这几个参数(或是将这几个参数的 'W' 删除)是针对 GCC 编译的, 如果不删去, 那么在 vs 上编译就会报错。原因在stackoverflow上有解答。

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)
project(RayTracing)

set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)

add_executable(RayTracing main.cpp Object.hpp Vector.hpp Sphere.hpp global.hpp Triangle.hpp Scene.cpp Scene.hpp Light.hpp Renderer.cpp)
target_compile_options(RayTracing PUBLIC -Wall -Wextra -pedantic -Wshadow -Wreturn-type -fsanitize=undefined)
target_compile_features(RayTracing PUBLIC cxx_std_17)
target_link_libraries(RayTracing PUBLIC -fsanitize=undefined)

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第一题(重心坐标求交)

题目: 计算光线和三角形是否有交点

bool rayTriangleIntersect(const Vector3f& v0, const Vector3f& v1, const Vector3f& v2, const Vector3f& orig,
                          const Vector3f& dir, float& tnear, float& u, float& v)
{
    // TODO: Implement this function that tests whether the triangle
    // that's specified bt v0, v1 and v2 intersects with the ray (whose
    // origin is *orig* and direction is *dir*)
    // Also don't forget to update tnear, u and v.
    return false;
}

解析:

1.  利用重心坐标简化求交计算:

          移项之后可以更为清晰的对照上述公式:

           对照上述公式换元后得

         

        S1, S2 是为了辅助计算克拉默法则时需要的行列式(用标量三重积计算出行列式):

                                          

        

        此处只写两个, 其余的两个式子使用相同方法即可算出，接下来要做的就是对着公式敲代码了！

2. 代码:

bool rayTriangleIntersect(const Vector3f& v0, const Vector3f& v1, const Vector3f& v2, const Vector3f& orig,
                          const Vector3f& dir, float& tnear, float& u, float& v)
{
    /* TODO: Implement this function that tests whether the triangle
    that's specified by v0, v1 and v2 intersects with the ray (whose
    origin is *orig* and direction is *dir*)
    Also don't forget to update tnear, u and v.*/
    Vector3f e1 = v1 - v0, e2 = v2 - v0;
    Vector3f s = orig - v0, s1 = crossProduct(dir, e2), s2 = crossProduct(s, e1);
    float t = dotProduct(s2, e2) / dotProduct(s1, e1);
    float b1 = dotProduct(s1, s) / dotProduct(s1, e1);
    float b2 = dotProduct(s2, dir) / dotProduct(s1, e1);
    if (t >= 0.0 && b1 >= 0.0 && b2 >= 0.0 && (1 - b1 - b2) >= 0.0)
    {
        tnear = t;
        u = b1;
        v = b2;
        return true;
    }

    return false;
}

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第二题

题目: 计算出屏幕的像素在投影视图上的坐标

void Renderer::Render(const Scene& scene)
{
    std::vector<Vector3f> framebuffer(scene.width * scene.height);

    float scale = std::tan(deg2rad(scene.fov * 0.5f));
    float imageAspectRatio = scene.width / (float)scene.height;

    // Use this variable as the eye position to start your rays.
    Vector3f eye_pos(0);
    int m = 0;
    for (int j = 0; j < scene.height; ++j)
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < scene.width; ++i)
        {
            // generate primary ray direction
            float x;
            float y;
            // TODO: Find the x and y positions of the current pixel to get the direction
            // vector that passes through it.
            // Also, don't forget to multiply both of them with the variable *scale*, and
            // x (horizontal) variable with the *imageAspectRatio*            

            Vector3f dir = Vector3f(x, y, -1); // Don't forget to normalize this direction!
            dir = dir / sqrt(x * x + y * y + 1);    //有没有进行归一化对结果好像没有影响
            framebuffer[m++] = castRay(eye_pos, dir, scene, 0);
        }
        UpdateProgress(j / (float)scene.height);
    }

    // save framebuffer to file
    FILE* fp = fopen("binary.ppm", "wb");
    (void)fprintf(fp, "P6\n%d %d\n255\n", scene.width, scene.height);
    for (auto i = 0; i < scene.height * scene.width; ++i) {
        static unsigned char color[3];
        color[0] = (char)(255 * clamp(0, 1, framebuffer[i].x));
        color[1] = (char)(255 * clamp(0, 1, framebuffer[i].y));
        color[2] = (char)(255 * clamp(0, 1, framebuffer[i].z));
        fwrite(color, 1, 3, fp);
    }
    fclose(fp);    
}

解析: 直接上代码

void Renderer::Render(const Scene& scene)
{
    std::vector<Vector3f> framebuffer(scene.width * scene.height);

    float scale = std::tan(deg2rad(scene.fov * 0.5f));
    float imageAspectRatio = scene.width / (float)scene.height;

    // Use this variable as the eye position to start your rays.
    Vector3f eye_pos(0);
    int m = 0;
    for (int j = 0; j < scene.height; ++j)
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < scene.width; ++i)
        {
            // generate primary ray direction
            float x = (2 * (i + 0.5f) / (float)(scene.width - 1) - 1) * imageAspectRatio * scale;
            float y = (1 - 2 * (j + 0.5f) / (float)(scene.height - 1)) * scale;
            // TODO: Find the x and y positions of the current pixel to get the direction
            // vector that passes through it.
            // Also, don't forget to multiply both of them with the variable *scale*, and
            // x (horizontal) variable with the *imageAspectRatio*            

            Vector3f dir = Vector3f(x, y, -1); // Don't forget to normalize this direction!
            framebuffer[m++] = castRay(eye_pos, dir, scene, 0);
        }
        UpdateProgress(j / (float)scene.height);
    }

    // save framebuffer to file
    FILE* fp = fopen("binary.ppm", "wb");
    (void)fprintf(fp, "P6\n%d %d\n255\n", scene.width, scene.height);
    for (auto i = 0; i < scene.height * scene.width; ++i) {
        static unsigned char color[3];
        color[0] = (char)(255 * clamp(0, 1, framebuffer[i].x));
        color[1] = (char)(255 * clamp(0, 1, framebuffer[i].y));
        color[2] = (char)(255 * clamp(0, 1, framebuffer[i].z));
        fwrite(color, 1, 3, fp);
    }
    fclose(fp);    
}