2025最新版微软GraphRAG 2.0.0本地部署教程：基于Ollama快速构建知识图谱

最新推荐文章于 2025-04-05 12:11:33 发布

Sindy_he

最新推荐文章于 2025-04-05 12:11:33 发布

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文章标签： microsoft 知识图谱 python 大模型 RAG

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_54356251/article/details/146074188

版权

一、前言

微软近期发布了知识图谱工具 GraphRAG 2.0.0，支持基于本地大模型（Ollama）快速构建知识图谱，显著提升了RAG（检索增强生成）的效果。本文手把手教你如何从零部署，并附踩坑记录和性能实测！

二、环境准备

1. 创建虚拟环境

推荐使用 Python 3.12.4（亲测兼容性较佳）：

conda create -n graphrag200 python=3.12.4
conda activate graphrag200

2. 拉取源码

建议通过Git下载最新代码（Windows用户需提前安装Git）：

git clone https://github.com/microsoft/graphrag.git
cd graphrag

（附：若直接下载压缩包解压，解压完后需创建一个仓库，不然后续会报错）

创建仓库方法：

git init
git add .
git commit -m "Initial commit"

3. 安装依赖

一键安装所需依赖包：

pip install -e .

4. 创建输入文件夹

用于存放待处理的文档（Windows可以直接手动创建）：

mkdir -p ./graphrag_ollama/input

将数据集放入input目录即可。

三、关键配置修改

1. 初始化项目

执行初始化命令（注意与旧版参数不同）：

python -m graphrag init --root ./graphrag_ollama

2. 修改settings.yaml

核心配置项（需按需调整）：

模型设置：使用Ollama本地模型

注意修改一下圈出的几个地方

测试小文件时，建议把chunks改小：

修改结果如下：

### This config file contains required core defaults that must be set, along with a handful of common optional settings.
### For a full list of available settings, see https://microsoft.github.io/graphrag/config/yaml/

### LLM settings ###
## There are a number of settings to tune the threading and token limits for LLM calls - check the docs.

models:
  default_chat_model:
    type: openai_chat # or azure_openai_chat
    api_base: http://192.168.0.167:11434/v1
    # api_version: 2024-05-01-preview
    auth_type: api_key # or azure_managed_identity
    api_key: ${GRAPHRAG_API_KEY} # set this in the generated .env file
    # audience: "https://cognitiveservices.azure.com/.default"
    # organization: <organization_id>
    model: deepseek-r1:32b
    # deployment_name: <azure_model_deployment_name>
    encoding_model: cl100k_base # automatically set by tiktoken if left undefined
    model_supports_json: true # recommended if this is available for your model.
    concurrent_requests: 25 # max number of simultaneous LLM requests allowed
    async_mode: threaded # or asyncio
    retry_strategy: native
    max_retries: -1                   # set to -1 for dynamic retry logic (most optimal setting based on server response)
    tokens_per_minute: 0              # set to 0 to disable rate limiting
    requests_per_minute: 0            # set to 0 to disable rate limiting
  default_embedding_model:
    type: openai_embedding # or azure_openai_embedding
    api_base: http://192.168.0.167:11434/v1
    # api_version: 2024-05-01-preview
    auth_type: api_key # or azure_managed_identity
    api_key: ${GRAPHRAG_API_KEY}
    # audience: "https://cognitiveservices.azure.com/.default"
    # organization: <organization_id>
    model: bge-m3:latest
    # deployment_name: <azure_model_deployment_name>
    encoding_model: cl100k_base # automatically set by tiktoken if left undefined
    model_supports_json: true # recommended if this is available for your model.
    concurrent_requests: 25 # max number of simultaneous LLM requests allowed
    async_mode: threaded # or asyncio
    retry_strategy: native
    max_retries: -1                   # set to -1 for dynamic retry logic (most optimal setting based on server response)
    tokens_per_minute: 0              # set to 0 to disable rate limiting
    requests_per_minute: 0            # set to 0 to disable rate limiting

vector_store:
  default_vector_store:
    type: lancedb
    db_uri: output\lancedb
    container_name: default
    overwrite: True

embed_text:
  model_id: default_embedding_model
  vector_store_id: default_vector_store

### Input settings ###

input:
  type: file # or blob
  file_type: text # or csv
  base_dir: "input"
  file_encoding: utf-8
  file_pattern: ".*\\.txt$$"

chunks:
  size: 200
  overlap: 50
  group_by_columns: [id]

### Output settings ###
## If blob storage is specified in the following four sections,
## connection_string and container_name must be provided

cache:
  type: file # [file, blob, cosmosdb]
  base_dir: "cache"

reporting:
  type: file # [file, blob, cosmosdb]
  base_dir: "logs"

output:
  type: file # [file, blob, cosmosdb]
  base_dir: "output"

### Workflow settings ###

extract_graph:
  model_id: default_chat_model
  prompt: "prompts/extract_graph.txt"
  entity_types: [organization,person,geo,event]
  max_gleanings: 1

summarize_descriptions:
  model_id: default_chat_model
  prompt: "prompts/summarize_descriptions.txt"
  max_length: 500

extract_graph_nlp:
  text_analyzer:
    extractor_type: regex_english # [regex_english, syntactic_parser, cfg]

extract_claims:
  enabled: false
  model_id: default_chat_model
  prompt: "prompts/extract_claims.txt"
  description: "Any claims or facts that could be relevant to information discovery."
  max_gleanings: 1

community_reports:
  model_id: default_chat_model
  graph_prompt: "prompts/community_report_graph.txt"
  text_prompt: "prompts/community_report_text.txt"
  max_length: 2000
  max_input_length: 8000

cluster_graph:
  max_cluster_size: 10

embed_graph:
  enabled: false # if true, will generate node2vec embeddings for nodes

umap:
  enabled: false # if true, will generate UMAP embeddings for nodes (embed_graph must also be enabled)

snapshots:
  graphml: false
  embeddings: false

### Query settings ###
## The prompt locations are required here, but each search method has a number of optional knobs that can be tuned.
## See the config docs: https://microsoft.github.io/graphrag/config/yaml/#query

local_search:
  chat_model_id: default_chat_model
  embedding_model_id: default_embedding_model
  prompt: "prompts/local_search_system_prompt.txt"

global_search:
  chat_model_id: default_chat_model
  map_prompt: "prompts/global_search_map_system_prompt.txt"
  reduce_prompt: "prompts/global_search_reduce_system_prompt.txt"
  knowledge_prompt: "prompts/global_search_knowledge_system_prompt.txt"

drift_search:
  chat_model_id: default_chat_model
  embedding_model_id: default_embedding_model
  prompt: "prompts/drift_search_system_prompt.txt"
  reduce_prompt: "prompts/drift_search_reduce_prompt.txt"

basic_search:
  chat_model_id: default_chat_model
  embedding_model_id: default_embedding_model
  prompt: "prompts/basic_search_system_prompt.txt"

四、构建知识图谱

执行索引命令（算力警告：亲测4090-24G显卡处理2万字需3小时）：

python -m graphrag index --root ./graphrag_ollama

五、知识图谱查询

支持多种查询方式，按需选择：

方法	命令示例	用途
全局查询	`python -m graphrag query --method global --query "知识图谱定义"`	跨文档综合分析
局部查询	`python -m graphrag query --method local --query "知识图谱定义"`	单文档精准检索
DRIFT查询	`python -m graphrag query --method drift --query "知识图谱定义"`	动态漂移分析
基础查询	`python -m graphrag query --method basic --query "知识图谱定义"`	传统RAG检索