DCGAN 简介与代码实战

1.介绍
    DCGAN是继GAN之后比较好的改进，DCGAN中的DC是“DEEP CONVOLUTIONAL”缩写，从标题，我们就可以知道它和原始GAN（GAN 简介与代码实战_天竺街潜水的八角的博客-CSDN博客）的区别在于网络结构。更加详细的介绍可以参见论文：UNSUPERVISED REPRESENTATION LEARNING WITH DEEP CONVOLUTIONAL GENERATIVE ADVERSARIAL NETWORKS

2.模型结构
  对于下图的网络结构，我们会发现，噪声Z（维度为100）传入网络之后，经过全连接变成维度16384，接着reshape成4*4*1024（4*4*1024 = 16384）的特征图，以方便传到后面的卷积层。

 3.模型特点
 DCGAN能改进GAN训练稳定的原因主要有：
 1. 在判别器D中将pooling层用convolutions替代，使得在下采样的时候，卷积可以很好的提取到自己想要的。
 2. 生成器G和判别器D中几乎每一层都使用batchnorm层，将特征层的输出归一化到一起，加速了训练，提升了训练的稳定性。（生成器的最后一层和判别器的第一层不加batchnorm）
 3. 在判别器中使用leakrelu激活函数，而不是RELU，防止梯度稀疏，生成器中仍然采用relu，但是输出层采用tanh。

4.代码实现 keras

class DCGAN():
    def __init__(self):
        # Input shape
        self.img_rows = 28
        self.img_cols = 28
        self.channels = 1
        self.img_shape = (self.img_rows, self.img_cols, self.channels)
        self.latent_dim = 100
 
        optimizer = Adam(0.0002, 0.5)
 
        # Build and compile the discriminator
        self.discriminator = self.build_discriminator()
        self.discriminator.compile(loss='binary_crossentropy',
            optimizer=optimizer,
            metrics=['accuracy'])
 
        # Build the generator
        self.generator = self.build_generator()
 
        # The generator takes noise as input and generates imgs
        z = Input(shape=(self.latent_dim,))
        img = self.generator(z)
 
        # For the combined model we will only train the generator
        self.discriminator.trainable = False
 
        # The discriminator takes generated images as input and determines validity
        valid = self.discriminator(img)
 
        # The combined model  (stacked generator and discriminator)
        # Trains the generator to fool the discriminator
        self.combined = Model(z, valid)
        self.combined.compile(loss='binary_crossentropy', optimizer=optimizer)
 
    def build_generator(self):
 
        model = Sequential()
 
        model.add(Dense(128 * 7 * 7, activation="relu", input_dim=self.latent_dim))
        model.add(Reshape((7, 7, 128)))
        model.add(UpSampling2D())
        model.add(Conv2D(128, kernel_size=3, padding="same"))
        model.add(BatchNormalization(momentum=0.8))
        model.add(Activation("relu"))
        model.add(UpSampling2D())
        model.add(Conv2D(64, kernel_size=3, padding="same"))
        model.add(BatchNormalization(momentum=0.8))
        model.add(Activation("relu"))
        model.add(Conv2D(self.channels, kernel_size=3, padding="same"))
        model.add(Activation("tanh"))
 
        model.summary()
 
        noise = Input(shape=(self.latent_dim,))
        img = model(noise)
 
        return Model(noise, img)
 
    def build_discriminator(self):
 
        model = Sequential()
 
        model.add(Conv2D(32, kernel_size=3, strides=2, input_shape=self.img_shape, padding="same"))
        model.add(LeakyReLU(alpha=0.2))
        model.add(Dropout(0.25))
        model.add(Conv2D(64, kernel_size=3, strides=2, padding="same"))
        model.add(ZeroPadding2D(padding=((0,1),(0,1))))
        model.add(BatchNormalization(momentum=0.8))
        model.add(LeakyReLU(alpha=0.2))
        model.add(Dropout(0.25))
        model.add(Conv2D(128, kernel_size=3, strides=2, padding="same"))
        model.add(BatchNormalization(momentum=0.8))
        model.add(LeakyReLU(alpha=0.2))
        model.add(Dropout(0.25))
        model.add(Conv2D(256, kernel_size=3, strides=1, padding="same"))
        model.add(BatchNormalization(momentum=0.8))
        model.add(LeakyReLU(alpha=0.2))
        model.add(Dropout(0.25))
        model.add(Flatten())
        model.add(Dense(1, activation='sigmoid'))
 
        model.summary()
 
        img = Input(shape=self.img_shape)
        validity = model(img)
 
        return Model(img, validity)
 
    def train(self, epochs, batch_size=128, save_interval=50):
 
        # Load the dataset
        (X_train, _), (_, _) = mnist.load_data()
 
        # Rescale -1 to 1
        X_train = X_train / 127.5 - 1.
        X_train = np.expand_dims(X_train, axis=3)
 
        # Adversarial ground truths
        valid = np.ones((batch_size, 1))
        fake = np.zeros((batch_size, 1))
 
        for epoch in range(epochs):
 
            # ---------------------
            #  Train Discriminator
            # ---------------------
 
            # Select a random half of images
            idx = np.random.randint(0, X_train.shape[0], batch_size)
            imgs = X_train[idx]
 
            # Sample noise and generate a batch of new images
            noise = np.random.normal(0, 1, (batch_size, self.latent_dim))
            gen_imgs = self.generator.predict(noise)
 
            # Train the discriminator (real classified as ones and generated as zeros)
            d_loss_real = self.discriminator.train_on_batch(imgs, valid)
            d_loss_fake = self.discriminator.train_on_batch(gen_imgs, fake)
            d_loss = 0.5 * np.add(d_loss_real, d_loss_fake)
 
            # ---------------------
            #  Train Generator
            # ---------------------
 
            # Train the generator (wants discriminator to mistake images as real)
            g_loss = self.combined.train_on_batch(noise, valid)
 
            # Plot the progress
            print ("%d [D loss: %f, acc.: %.2f%%] [G loss: %f]" % (epoch, d_loss[0], 100*d_loss[1], g_loss))
 
            # If at save interval => save generated image samples
            if epoch % save_interval == 0:
                self.save_imgs(epoch)
 
    def save_imgs(self, epoch):
        r, c = 5, 5
        noise = np.random.normal(0, 1, (r * c, self.latent_dim))
        gen_imgs = self.generator.predict(noise)
 
        # Rescale images 0 - 1
        gen_imgs = 0.5 * gen_imgs + 0.5
 
        fig, axs = plt.subplots(r, c)
        cnt = 0
        for i in range(r):
            for j in range(c):
                axs[i,j].imshow(gen_imgs[cnt, :,:,0], cmap='gray')
                axs[i,j].axis('off')
                cnt += 1
        fig.savefig("images/mnist_%d.png" % epoch)
        plt.close()