静态路由实验

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-30 20:02:03 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-10-30 20:02:03 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_70020414/article/details/131631353

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该实验涉及IP地址的详细部署，包括骨干链路、路由器及环回接口的IP分配。静态路由在各路由器上被配置以实现全网可达，同时限制直接前往5.5.5.5/24的路由。此外，R4和R5之间的链路有主次速度切换。最后，R3配置为DHCP服务器，为PC1和PC2提供动态IP地址。

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一、实验要求

1.除R5环回地址固定以外，其他所有网段基于192.168.1.10/24进行合理的IP地址划分
2.R1-2-4路由器上均存在两个环回，用来模拟用户网段，地址使用192.168.1.0/24划分
3.R1-R4上不能直接写去往5.5.5.5/24网段路由，但仍可访问
4.全网可达，尽量减少每台路由表路由条目
5.R4-R5之间，正常走1000M链路，故障走100M链路
6.PC1和PC2使用DHCP动态获取IP地址

二、实验拓扑

三、实验步骤

1.IP地址部署

骨干链路：

192.168.1.0 30

192.168.1.4 30

192.168.1.8 30

192.168.1.12 30

192.168.1.16 30

192.168.1.20 30

R3：

192.168.1.128 27

R5：

5.5.5.5 24

R1环回：

192.168.1.32 28

192.168.48 28

R2环回：

192.168.1.64 28

192.168.1.80 28

R4环回：

192.168.1.96 28

192.168.1.112 28

2.IP地址配置

[R1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.1 30
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.5 30
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
Jul 10 2023 09:23:09-08:00 R1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[R1]int LoopBack 0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.33 28
[R1-LoopBack0]Q
[R1]INT L
[R1]INT LoopBack 1
[R1-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.49 28

[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.2 30
Jul 10 2023 09:27:23-08:00 R2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.9 30
Jul 10 2023 09:27:41-08:00 R2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[R2]int L
[R2]int LoopBack 0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.65 28
[R2-LoopBack0]int L
[R2-LoopBack0]q
[R2]int LoopBack 1
[R2-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.81 28

[R3]int g0/0/2
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 192.168.1.129 27
Jul 10 2023 09:35:17-08:00 R3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 has entered the UP state.[R3]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.6 30
Jul 10 2023 11:19:24-08:00 R3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.13 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
Jul 10 2023 11:19:49-08:00 R3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state

[R4]int g0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.10 30
Jul 10 2023 09:33:22-08:00 R4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.14 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
Jul 10 2023 09:33:47-08:00 R4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[R4]int L
[R4]int LoopBack 0
[R4-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.97 28
[R4-LoopBack0]q
[R4]int L
[R4]int LoopBack 1
[R4-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.113 28[R4]int g0/0/2
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 192.168.1.17 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]
Jul 10 2023 09:48:49-08:00 R4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 has entered the UP state.
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g4/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.21 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]
Jul 10 2023 09:49:13-08:00 R4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet4/0/0 has entered the UP state.

[R5]int g0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.18 30
Jul 10 2023 09:50:17-08:00 R5 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.22 30
Jul 10 2023 09:50:33-08:00 R5 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[R5]int L
[R5]int LoopBack 0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip add 5.5.5.5 24

2.静态路由配置

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 28 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.80 28 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 28 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.112 28 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 28 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.112 28 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.6

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 28 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.112 28 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 28 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.48 28 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.1

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 28 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.48 28 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 28 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.80 28 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 28 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.80 28 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 28 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.112 28 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.14

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 28 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.80 28 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 28 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.48 28 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 28 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.48 28 192.168.1.13

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 28 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.112 28 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 28 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.80 28 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 28 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.48 28 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 28 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.112 28 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 28 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.80 28 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 28 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.48 28 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.21

3.缺省路由

[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.6

[R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.10

[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.14

[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.18
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22

测试：

4.浮动luyou

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 28 192.168.1.18 preference 61
Error: The next-hop address is invalid.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.112 28 192.168.1.18 preference 61
Error: The next-hop address is invalid.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.18 preference 61
Error: The next-hop address is invalid.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 28 192.168.1.18 preference 61
Error: The next-hop address is invalid.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.80 28 192.168.1.18 preference 61
Error: The next-hop address is invalid.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.18 preference 6
Error: The next-hop address is invalid.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 28 192.168.1.18 preference 61
Error: The next-hop address is invalid.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.48 28 192.168.1.18 preference 61
Error: The next-hop address is invalid.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.18 preference 61
Error: The next-hop address is invalid.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.18 preference 61
Error: The next-hop address is invalid.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.18 preference 61
Error: The next-hop address is invalid.

[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.18 preference 61
Info: Succeeded in modifying route.
Jul 10 2023 11:39:25-08:00 R4 %%01RM/4/IPV4_DEFT_RT_CHG(l)[0]:IPV4 default Route
is changed. (ChangeType=Delete, InstanceId=0, Protocol=Static, ExitIf=GigabitEt
hernet0/0/2, Nexthop=192.168.1.18, Neighbour=0.0.0.0, Preference=1023410176, Lab
el=NULL, Metric=0)

测试：

5.DHCP

[R3]dhcp ena
[R3]dhcp enable
Info: The operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment.done.
[R3]ip pool a
Info: It's successful to create an IP address pool.
[R3-ip-pool-a]network 192.168.1.128 mask 27
[R3-ip-pool-a]gateway-list 192.168.1.129
[R3-ip-pool-a]dns-list 114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8
[R3-ip-pool-a]q
[R3]int g0/0/2
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]dhcp se
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]dhcp select g
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]dhcp select global
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]q
测试：