jenkins
文章目录
jenkins简介
Jenkins是一个开源CI&CD软件、提供友好操作界面的持续集成(CI)工具;
起源于Hudson(Hudson是商用的),主要用于持续、自动的构建/测试软件项目、监控外部任务的运行;Jenkins用Java语言编写,可在Tomcat等流行的servlet容器中运行,也可独立运行;通常与版本管理工具(SCM)、构建工具结合使用。
常用的版本控制工具:SVN、GIT
jenkins工作原理
将源代码从SVN/Git版本控制系统中拷贝一份到本地,然后根据设置的脚本进行build(构建);整个系统的关键就是build脚本,build脚本告诉Jenkins在一次集成中需要执行的任务。
jenkins特点
(1)易安装:仅仅一个 Jenkins.war,从官网下载该文件后,直接运行,无需额外的安装,更无需安装数据库
(2)易配置:提供友好的 GUI 配置界面
(3)变更支持:Jenkins 能从代码仓库(SVN/Git)中获取并产生代码更新列表,并输出到编译输出信息中
(4)支持永久链接:用户是通过 Web 来访问 Jenkins 的,而这些 Web 页面的链接地址都是永久链接地址,可以在各种文档中直接使用该链接;
(5)集成 E-Mail/RSS/IM:当完成一次集成时,可通过这些工具实时收取集成结果(构建一次集成需要花费一定时间,有了这个功能,就可以在等待结果过程中,干别的事情);
(6)JUnit/TestNG 测试报告:也就是用以图表等形式提供详细的测试报表功能;
(7)支持分布式构建:Jenkins 可以把集成构建等工作分发到多台计算机中完成;
(8)文件指纹信息:Jenkins 会保存构建集成所产生的 jars 文件、集成构建使用了哪个版本;
(9)支持第三方插件:Jenkins 支持 第三方插件,这使得 Jenkins 功能变得越来越强大。
使用tomcat容器安装jenkins
部署tomcat
tomcat下载https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/tomcat,此时下载9.0版本的,10版本部署有bug,无法实现。
//安装jdk
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install lrzsz java-11-openjdk
//解压tomcat,并部署安装
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf apache-tomcat-9.0.67.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@localhost local]# ls
apache-tomcat-9.0.67 etc include lib64 sbin src
bin games lib libexec share
[root@localhost local]# ln -s apache-tomcat-9.0.67.tar.gz/ tomcat
//启动tomcat,测试能否访问tomcat首页
[root@localhost local]# tomcat/bin/startup.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Using CATALINA_OPTS:
Tomcat started.
部署jenkins
下载jenkins到/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/目录下
//下载下来后会自动解压
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/
[root@localhost webapps]# wget http://mirrors.jenkins.io/war-stable/2.346.3/jenkins.war
[root@localhost webapps]# ls
ROOT docs examples host-manager jenkins jenkins.war manager
//启动服务
[root@localhost webapps]# cd ..
[root@localhost tomcat]# bin/catalina.sh stop
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Using CATALINA_OPTS:
NOTE: Picked up JDK_JAVA_OPTIONS: --add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.io=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport=ALL-UNNAMED
[root@localhost tomcat]# bin/catalina.sh start
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Using CATALINA_OPTS:
Tomcat started.
浏览器访问jinkins
查看上图框出来的文件,该文件中记录这密码,复制密码并登录
[root@localhost tomcat]# cat /root/.jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword
cd6d79232b164046b4f1d06fa9fc1587
自定义jenkins
选择插件来安装
选择无,进行安装,后期需要什么插件就安装什么插件
创建管理员用户admin,密码为admin
此时登录进去是英文界面,我们进行替换国内源
点击 Advanced —> 更新为国内源 —> Submit
原国外插件源地址:https://updates.jenkins.io/update-center.json
国内插件源地址:https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/jenkins/updates/update-center.json
安装简体中文插件
重启
创建任务
Jenkins流水线项目发布流程
主机名称 | ip地址 | 需要的应用服务 | 工具包 | 系统 |
---|---|---|---|---|
node1 | 192.168.205.152 | tomcat、jenkins | git maven | centOS8 |
node2 | 192.168.205.154 | tomcat | 无 | centOS8 |
关闭防火墙和selinux
[root@node1 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@node1 ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
[root@node1 ~]# setenforce 0
[root@node1 ~]# vim /etc/selinux/config
[root@node2 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@node2 ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
[root@node2 ~]# setenforce 0
[root@node2 ~]# vim /etc/selinux/config
//安装工具包
[root@node1 ~]# yum -y install lrzsz java-11-openjdk git maven
//解压tomcat,并部署安装
[root@node1 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg apache-tomcat-9.0.67.tar.gz
[root@node1 ~]# tar xf apache-tomcat-9.0.67.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@node1 ~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@node1 local]# ln -s apache-tomcat-9.0.67/ tomcat
[root@node1 local]# tomcat/bin/startup.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Using CATALINA_OPTS:
Tomcat started.
//下载jenkins后会自动解压
[root@node1 local]# cd tomcat/webapps/
[root@node1 webapps]# wget http://mirrors.jenkins.io/war-stable/2.346.3/jenkins.war
查看密码
[root@node1 tomcat]# cat /root/.jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword
1fcf9b9434b140df86609f075153ff15
登录web界面时选择安装推荐的插件,部署好后,设置国内源
先在node1主机上生成一个密钥,传给node2主机
[root@node1 ~]# ssh-keygen
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):
Created directory '/root/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:LmytmHVgtLaOctBWJdlCvQTnctVFcy1sl/1YFZkSsF8 root@node1.example.com
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 3072]----+
| .o=. .o.==.@|
| +o=. o.+*=|
| o=o. . ..E.|
| ..+. . o .|
| . .= S . |
| . o+ = |
| o * + |
| . .B + |
| o+ o |
+----[SHA256]-----+
[root@node1 ~]# ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@192.168.205.154
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
The authenticity of host '192.168.205.154 (192.168.205.154)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:7933c5EsVvffUX+Ltw/jd4afuda/wfBxgzp7aWKoXxY.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
root@192.168.205.154's password:
Number of key(s) added: 1
Now try logging into the machine, with: "ssh 'root@192.168.205.154'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.
//在node2上部署tomcat
[root@node2 ~]# yum -y install java-11-openjdk
[root@node2 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg apache-tomcat-9.0.67.tar.gz
[root@node2 ~]# tar xf apache-tomcat-9.0.67.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@node2 ~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@node2 local]# ln -s apache-tomcat-9.0.67/ tomcat
[root@node2 local]# ls tomcat/
BUILDING.txt LICENSE README.md RUNNING.txt conf logs webapps
CONTRIBUTING.md NOTICE RELEASE-NOTES bin lib temp work
发布流水线使用脚本
蓝色为正在构建
绿色为构建成功
构建日志中记录这pull到哪里了
添加第二部分脚本执行