文章目录
一、中断驱动蜂鸣器
1.实验要求
利用T1的中断控制P1.7引脚输出频率为1kHz方波音频信号,驱动蜂鸣器发声。系统时钟为12MHz。方波音频信号周期1ms,因此T1的定时中断时间为0.5 ms,进入中断服务程序后,对P1.7求反。
先计算T1初值,系统时钟为12MHz,则机器周期为1µs。1kHz音频信号周期为1ms,要定时计数的脉冲数为a。则T1初值:
TH1=(65 536 −a) /256;
TL1=(65 536 −a) %256
2.代码实现
#include <reg52.H>
sbit sound=P3^5;
void main()
{
EA=1;
ET1=1;
TMOD=0x10;
TH1=0xfe;
TL1=0x33;
TR1=1;
while(1)
{}
}
void Timer1_Routine() interrupt 3
{
TH1=0xfe;
TL1=0x33;
sound=~sound;
}
3.仿真实验结果
4.普中开发板演示结果
二、LED数码管秒表
1.实验要求
用2位数码管显示计时时间,最小计时单位为“百毫秒”,计时范围0.1~9.9s。当第1次按一下计时功能键时,秒表开始计时并显示;第2次按一下计时功能键时,停止计时,将计时的时间值送到数码管显示;如果计时到9.9s,将重新开始从0计时;第3次按一下计时功能键,秒表清0。再次按一下计时功能键,则重复上述计时过程。
2.代码实现
#include<reg51.h>
typedef unsigned int uint;
typedef unsigned char uchar;
uchar led[] ={0x3f,0x06,0x5b,0x4f,0x66,0x6d,0x7d,0x07,0x7f,0x6f};
uchar led1[] = {0xbf,0x86,0xdb,0xcf,0xe6,0xed,0xfd,0x87,0xff,0xef};
uchar second;
uchar key;
uint t;
sbit keyif = P3^7;
void delay()
{
uchar i,j;
for(i=0;i<255;i++){
for(j=0;j<100;j++);
}
}
void init(void)
{
TMOD = 0x01;
second = 0;
EA = 1;
ET0 = 1;
key = 0;
t = 0;
}
void main(){
init();
P0 = led1[second/10];
P2 = led[second%10];
while(1){
if(keyif == 0)
{
delay();
if(keyif == 0)
{
key++;
switch(key)
{
case 1:
TH0 = 0xee;
TL0 = 0x00;
TR0 = 1;
break;
case 2:
t = 0;
TR0 = 0;
break;
case 3:
key = 0;
second = 0;
P0 = led1[0];
P2 = led[0];
break;
}
while(keyif == 0);
}
}
}
}
void timer() interrupt 1
{
TR0 = 0;
t++;
if(t ==20){
second++;
P0 = led1[second/10];
P2 = led[second%10];
t = 0;
}
if(second == 99)
{
second = 0;
key = 2;
}
TR0 = 1;
}
3.仿真实验结果
三、定时器实现一个LCD显示时钟
1.实验要求
使用定时器实现一个LCD显示时钟
2.代码实现
#include <REGX52.H>
sbit LCD_RS=P3^5;
sbit LCD_RW=P3^6;
sbit LCD_EN=P3^7;
#define LCD_DataPort P2
unsigned char Hour=23,Min=59,Sec=55;
void Delay()
{
unsigned char i, j;
i = 2;
j = 239;
do
{
while (--j);
} while (--i);
}
void LCD_WriteCommand(unsigned char Command)
{
LCD_RS=0;
LCD_RW=0;
LCD_DataPort=Command;
LCD_EN=1;
Delay();
LCD_EN=0;
Delay();
}
void LCD_WriteData(unsigned char Data)
{
LCD_RS=1;
LCD_RW=0;
LCD_DataPort=Data;
LCD_EN=1;
Delay();
LCD_EN=0;
Delay();
}
void LCD_SetCursor(unsigned char Line,unsigned char Column)
{
if(Line==1)
{
LCD_WriteCommand(0x80|(Column-1));
}
else if(Line==2)
{
LCD_WriteCommand(0x80|(Column-1+0x40));
}
}
void LCD_ShowString(unsigned char Line,unsigned char Column,char *String)
{
unsigned char i;
LCD_SetCursor(Line,Column);
for(i=0;String[i]!='\0';i++)
{
LCD_WriteData(String[i]);
}
}
int LCD_Pow(int X,int Y)
{
unsigned char i;
int Result=1;
for(i=0;i<Y;i++)
{
Result*=X;
}
return Result;
}
void LCD_ShowNum(unsigned char Line,unsigned char Column,unsigned int Number,unsigned char Length)
{
unsigned char i;
LCD_SetCursor(Line,Column);
for(i=Length;i>0;i--)
{
LCD_WriteData(Number/LCD_Pow(10,i-1)%10+'0');
}
}
void LCD_Init()
{
LCD_WriteCommand(0x38);
LCD_WriteCommand(0x0c);
LCD_WriteCommand(0x06);
LCD_WriteCommand(0x01);
}
void Timer0_Init()
{
TMOD=0x01;
TH0=0xFc;
TL0=0x66;
TF0=0;
TR0=1;
ET0=1;
EA=1;
}
void main()
{
LCD_Init();
Timer0_Init();
LCD_ShowString(1,1," : : ");
while(1)
{
LCD_ShowNum(1,1,Hour,2);
LCD_ShowNum(1,4,Min,2);
LCD_ShowNum(1,7,Sec,2);
}
}
void Timer0_Routine() interrupt 1
{
static unsigned int T0Count;
TH0=0xFc;
TL0=0x66;
T0Count++;
if(T0Count==1000)
{
Sec++;
T0Count=0;
}
if(Sec>=60)
{
Sec=0;
Min++;
}
if(Min>=60)
{
Min=0;
Hour++;
}
if(Hour>=24)
{
Hour=0;
}
}
3.仿真实验结果
4.普中开发板演示结果
四、甲乙两个单片机串口通信
1.实验要求
甲、乙两单片机进行 方式3(或方式2)串行通信。甲机把控制8个流水灯点亮的数据发送给乙机并点亮其P1口的8个LED。方式3比方式1多了1个可编程位TB8,该位一般作奇偶校验位。乙机接收到的8位二进制数据有可能出错,需进行奇偶校验,其方法是将乙机的RB8和PSW的奇偶校验位P进行比较,如果相同,接收数据;否则拒绝接收。
2.代码实现
#include <REGX52.H>
#include "stdio.h"
unsigned char ch;
unsigned char Flag=1;
void Delay(unsigned int xms) //@11.0592MHz
{
unsigned char i, j;
while(xms--)
{
i = 2;
j = 199;
do
{
while (--j);
} while (--i);
}
}
void UartInit(void)
{
PCON &= 0x7F;
SCON = 0x50;
TMOD &= 0x0F;
TMOD |= 0x20;
TL1 = 0xFD;
TH1 = 0xFD;
ET1 = 0;
TR1 = 1;
EA=1;
ES=1;
}
void UartSend()
{
TI=1;
puts("Hello C51");
while(!TI);
TI=0;
Delay(2000);
}
void main()
{
UartInit();
while(1)
{
if(Flag==1)UartSend();
}
}
void UART_Routine() interrupt 4
{
if(RI==1)
{
RI=0;
ch=SBUF;
if(ch=='1')Flag=1;
if(ch=='0')Flag=0;
}
}
3.仿真实验结果
4.实验结果
五、总结
学习单片机定时器与串口通信的相关内容,熟练掌握如何使用单片机定时器与串口通信,学会了用中断控制蜂鸣器,用LCD显示时钟等等,加深了我对单片机的认识。