Problem Statement
There are $N$ cards numbered $1$ through $N$. Each face of a card has an integer written on it; card $i$ has $A_i$ on its front and $B_i$ on its back. Initially, all cards are face up.
There are $M$ machines numbered $1$ through $M$. Machine $j$ has two (not necessarily distinct) integers $X_j$ and $Y_j$ between $1$ and $N$. If you power up machine $j$, it flips card $X_j$ with the probability of $\frac{1}{2}$, and flips card $Y_j$ with the remaining probability of $\frac{1}{2}$. This probability is independent for each power-up.
Snuke will perform the following procedure.
- Choose a set $S$ consisting of integers from $1$ through $M$.
- For each element in $S$ in ascending order, power up the machine with that number.
Among Snuke's possible choices of $S$, find the maximum expected value of the sum of the integers written on the face-up sides of the cards after the procedure.
Constraints
- $1\leq N \leq 40$
- $1\leq M \leq 10^5$
- $1\leq A_i,B_i \leq 10^4$
- $1\leq X_j,Y_j \leq N$
- All input values are integers.
\(N\le 40\),结合题目,复杂度应该是 \(2^{\frac n2}\) 相关的。
考虑如何求出期望。如果某一个数可能被选的话,那么他的期望就是 \(\frac {A_i+B_i}2\),否则是 \(A_i\)
看样例发现要特判 \(X_i=Y_i\),如果 \(A_{X_i}<B_{X_i}\),那么交换 \(A_{X_i}\) 和 \(B_{X_i}\)
如果 \(A_i<B_i\),那么他被选后期望会减少,否则期望会增多。设有 \(c\) 个 \(i\) 会变少。
如果 \(X_i\) 和 \(Y_i\) 翻转后期望都会变少,肯定不翻。期望都会变多,肯定,肯定翻。现在就是要看 \(X_i\) 和 \(Y_i\) 期望一个会变多,一个会变少的要不要翻。
肯定要对 \(c\) 大小分治。如果 \(c\le 20\),那么选了集合 \(s\) 中的所有会减少数,肯定会选所有可以选的会变多的数,直接枚举 \(s\) 统计即可。
如果 \(c\ge 20\),那么期望会增多的 \(i\) 不超过 20 个,用一个 dp 求出要得到集合 \(s\) 至少选多少减少的。
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
typedef long long LL;
const int M=45,N=1e5+5,S=1e7+5;;
int n,m,a[M],b[M],x[N],y[N],c,d,p[M],q[M],v[M][M];
LL to[S],s,f[M],ans;
LL calc(LL x,LL s)
{
int ret=0;
for(int i=0;i<d;i++)
{
if(x>>i&1)
ret+=a[q[i]]+b[q[i]];
else
ret+=2*a[q[i]];
}
for(int i=0;i<c;i++)
{
if(s>>i&1)
ret+=a[p[i]]+b[p[i]];
else
ret+=2*a[p[i]];
}
return ret;
}
int main()
{
scanf("%d%d",&n,&m);
for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
scanf("%d%d",a+i,b+i);
for(int i=0;i<m;i++)
{
scanf("%d%d",x+i,y+i);
--x[i],--y[i];
if(x[i]==y[i])
{
if(a[x[i]]<b[x[i]])
swap(a[x[i]],b[x[i]]);
--i,--m;
}
else
v[x[i]][y[i]]=v[y[i]][x[i]]=1;
}
for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
a[i]<b[i]? p[c++]=i:q[d++]=i;
LL s=0;
for(int i=0;i<c;i++)
for(int j=i+1;j<c;j++)
if(v[p[i]][p[j]])
s|=1LL<<j|1LL<<i;
for(int i=0;i<d;i++)
{
f[i]=s;
for(int j=0;j<c;j++)
if(v[q[i]][p[j]])
f[i]|=1LL<<j;
}
if(d<=c)
{
for(int i=0;i<d;i++)
to[1<<i]=f[i];
ans=calc(0,s);
for(int i=1;i<(1<<d);i++)
{
to[i]=to[i^(i&-i)]|to[i&-i];
ans=max(ans,calc(i,to[i]));
}
}
else
{
memset(to,-0x7f,sizeof(to));
for(int i=0;i<(1<<c);i++)
if((i|s)==s)
to[i]=0;
ans=calc(0,s);
for(int i=1;i<(1<<c);i++)
{
if(!to[i])
continue;
for(int j=0;j<d;j++)
to[i]=max(to[i],to[i^(i&f[j])]+b[q[j]]-a[q[j]]);
ans=max(ans,calc(0,i)+to[i]);
}
}
printf("%.6lf",ans/2.000);
return 0;
}