一、先回顾最简单的change的用法,例句:
She hasn’t changed much since I saw her last time.(自我上次见她以来,她变化不大。)
She went into the bathroom and changed clothes.(她进卫生间换了衣服。)
The village changed into a town. (这个村子变成了镇子。)
还可以用做被动态:The policies should be changed due to changes of the situation.(由于形势变化,政策应该要改变。)
上述几个例句体现了change 的基本用法。
二、alter是change 的同义词,但只有两种用法,例如:
主动语态:Science has altered the way people observe the universe.(科学改变了人们观察宇宙的方法。)
被动语态:The atmosphere will be altered if carbon emissions keep increasing.( 碳排放如果持续增长大气就会改变。)
alter的同根词alternate、alternation、alternative 、alternatively都是写作中常用的,但超出本文范围了。
三、vary一般是指根据什么变化。例句:
The complexity of computation varies according to the number of users’ service requests.(计算复杂度随用户服务请求的数量而变化。)
The security level varies according to users’ security requirements.(安全级别随用户安全需求而变化。)
vary还有一个意思就是“因人而异”,例如:
Users’ requirements for storage vary from person to person.(用户的存储需求因人而异。)
vary的同根词varied 也是常用的,在以前的文章中讲过。
四、transform 、convert主要强调将一种形态变成另一种形态,例如:
The city converted the house into a hospital.(那个城市把那座房子改成了医院。)
或:The house is converted into a hospital.
The signal is transformed/converted into a frequency spectral.(信号被变换成频谱。)
Encryption converts plaintext into cipher text, while decryption converts cipher text into original plaintext.(加密是把明文变成密文,而解密就是把密文变回明文。)
也常有:IT has transformed the society significantly.(IT技术很大程度上改变了社会。)