2020-11-30 OpenCV人工智能图像处理学习笔记 第4章 计算机视觉加强之图像特效

目录

主要内容

 图像灰度处理1

算法优化

马赛克

毛玻璃效果

 图片融合

边缘检测

 浮雕效果

颜色风格

油画效果

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主要内容

 

 图像灰度处理1

 

#imread 
#方法1 imread 
import cv2
img0 = cv2.imread('image0.jpg',0)
img1 = cv2.imread('image0.jpg',1)
print(img0.shape)
print(img1.shape)
cv2.imshow('src',img0)
cv2.waitKey(0)

 

#方法2 cvtColor
import cv2
img = cv2.imread('image0.jpg',1)
dst = cv2.cvtColor(img,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)# 颜色空间转换 1 data 2 BGR gray
cv2.imshow('dst',dst)
cv2.waitKey(0)

import cv2
import numpy as np
img = cv2.imread('image0.jpg',1)
imgInfo = img.shape
height = imgInfo[0]
width = imgInfo[1]
# RGB R=G=B = gray  (R+G+B)/3
dst = np.zeros((height,width,3),np.uint8)
for i in range(0,height):
    for j in range(0,width):
        (b,g,r) = img[i,j]
        gray = (int(b)+int(g)+int(r))/3
        dst[i,j] = np.uint8(gray)
cv2.imshow('dst',dst)
cv2.waitKey(0)

#方法4 gray = r*0.299+g*0.587+b*0.114
import cv2
import numpy as np
img = cv2.imread('image0.jpg',1)
imgInfo = img.shape
height = imgInfo[0]
width = imgInfo[1]
dst = np.zeros((height,width,3),np.uint8)
for i in range(0,height):
    for j in range(0,width):
        (b,g,r) = img[i,j]
        b = int(b)
        g = int(g)
        r = int(r)
        gray = r*0.299+g*0.587+b*0.114
        dst[i,j] = np.uint8(gray)
cv2.imshow('dst',dst)
cv2.waitKey(0)

算法优化

# 1 灰度 最重要 2 基础 3 实时性 
# 定点-》浮点 +- */ >> 
# r*0.299+g*0.587+b*0.114
import cv2
import numpy as np
img = cv2.imread('image0.jpg',1)
imgInfo = img.shape
height = imgInfo[0]
width = imgInfo[1]
# RGB R=G=B = gray  (R+G+B)/3
dst = np.zeros((height,width,3),np.uint8)
for i in range(0,height):
    for j in range(0,width):
        (b,g,r) = img[i,j]
        b = int(b)
        g = int(g)
        r = int(r)
        #
        #gray = (r*1+g*2+b*1)/4
        gray = (r+(g<<1)+b)>>2
        dst[i,j] = np.uint8(gray)
cv2.imshow('dst',dst)
cv2.waitKey(0)

乘以2相当于左移一位，除以4相当于右移二位

马赛克

用右上角一个像素替换所有的

每隔10个像素替换一个像素

import cv2
import numpy as np
img = cv2.imread('image0.jpg',1)
imgInfo = img.shape
height = imgInfo[0]
width = imgInfo[1]
for m in range(100,300):
    for n in range(100,200):
        # pixel ->10*10
        if m%10 == 0 and n%10==0:
            for i in range(0,10):
                for j in range(0,10):
                    (b,g,r) = img[m,n]
                    img[i+m,j+n] = (b,g,r)
cv2.imshow('dst',img)
cv2.waitKey(0)

获取bgr时一个10*10取一次值就好， 上面这个运算量会增大

可以将获取bgr的代码提前写赋值循环之前

import cv2
import numpy as np
img = cv2.imread('image0.jpg',1)
imgInfo = img.shape
height = imgInfo[0]
width = imgInfo[1]
for m in range(100,300):
    for n in range(100,200):
        # pixel ->10*10
        if m%10 == 0 and n%10==0:
            (b,g,r) = img[m,n]
            for i in range(0,10):
                for j in range(0,10):
#                     (b,g,r) = img[m,n]
                    img[i+m,j+n] = (b,g,r)
cv2.imshow('dst1',img)
cv2.waitKey(0)

毛玻璃效果

import cv2
import numpy as np
import random
img = cv2.imread('image0.jpg',1)
imgInfo = img.shape
height = imgInfo[0]
width = imgInfo[1]
dst = np.zeros((height,width,3),np.uint8)
mm = 8
for m in range(0,height-mm):
    for n in range(0,width-mm):
        index = int(random.random()*8)#0-8
        (b,g,r) = img[m+index,n+index]
        dst[m,n] = (b,g,r)
cv2.imshow('dst',dst)
cv2.waitKey(0)

 图片融合

# dst  = src1*a+src2*(1-a)
import cv2
import numpy as np
img0 = cv2.imread('image0.jpg',1)
img1 = cv2.imread('image1.jpg',1)
imgInfo = img0.shape
height = imgInfo[0]
width = imgInfo[1]
# ROI
roiH = int(height/2)
roiW = int(width/2)
img0ROI = img0[0:roiH,0:roiW]
img1ROI = img1[0:roiH,0:roiW]
# dst
dst = np.zeros((roiH,roiW,3),np.uint8)
dst = cv2.addWeighted(img0ROI,0.5,img1ROI,0.5,0)#add src1*a+src2*(1-a)
# 1 src1 2 a 3 src2 4 1-a
cv2.imshow('dst',dst)
cv2.waitKey(0)

边缘检测

其实质是图像的卷积

import cv2
import numpy as np
import random
img = cv2.imread('image0.jpg',1)
imgInfo = img.shape
height = imgInfo[0]
width = imgInfo[1]
cv2.imshow('src',img)
#canny 1 gray 2 高斯 3 canny 
gray = cv2.cvtColor(img,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
imgG = cv2.GaussianBlur(gray,(3,3),0)
dst = cv2.Canny(img,50,50) #图片卷积——》th
cv2.imshow('dst',dst)
cv2.waitKey(0)

import cv2
import numpy as np
import random
import math
img = cv2.imread('image0.jpg',1)
imgInfo = img.shape
height = imgInfo[0]
width = imgInfo[1]
cv2.imshow('src',img)
# sobel 1 算子模版 2 图片卷积 3 阈值判决 
# [1 2 1          [ 1 0 -1
#  0 0 0            2 0 -2
# -1 -2 -1 ]       1 0 -1 ]
              
# [1 2 3 4] [a b c d] a*1+b*2+c*3+d*4 = dst
# sqrt(a*a+b*b) = f>th
gray = cv2.cvtColor(img,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
dst = np.zeros((height,width,1),np.uint8)
for i in range(0,height-2):
    for j in range(0,width-2):
        gy = gray[i,j]*1+gray[i,j+1]*2+gray[i,j+2]*1-gray[i+2,j]*1-gray[i+2,j+1]*2-gray[i+2,j+2]*1
        gx = gray[i,j]+gray[i+1,j]*2+gray[i+2,j]-gray[i,j+2]-gray[i+1,j+2]*2-gray[i+2,j+2]
        grad = math.sqrt(gx*gx+gy*gy)
        if grad>50:
            dst[i,j] = 255
        else:
            dst[i,j] = 0
cv2.imshow('dst',dst)
cv2.waitKey(0)

 浮雕效果

 

import cv2
import numpy as np
img = cv2.imread('image0.jpg',1)
imgInfo = img.shape
height = imgInfo[0]
width = imgInfo[1]
gray = cv2.cvtColor(img,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
# newP = gray0-gray1+150
dst = np.zeros((height,width,1),np.uint8)
for i in range(0,height):
    for j in range(0,width-1):
        grayP0 = int(gray[i,j])
        grayP1 = int(gray[i,j+1])
        newP = grayP0-grayP1+150
        if newP > 255:
            newP = 255
        if newP < 0:
            newP = 0
        dst[i,j] = newP
cv2.imshow('dst',dst)
cv2.waitKey(0)

颜色风格

import cv2
import numpy as np
img = cv2.imread('image0.jpg',1)
cv2.imshow('src',img)
imgInfo = img.shape
height = imgInfo[0]
width = imgInfo[1]
#rgb -》RGB new “蓝色”
# b=b*1.5
# g = g*1.3
dst = np.zeros((height,width,3),np.uint8)
for i in range(0,height):
    for j in range(0,width):
        (b,g,r) = img[i,j]
        b = b*1.5
        g = g*1.3
        if b>255:
            b = 255
        if g>255:
            g = 255
        dst[i,j]=(b,g,r)
cv2.imshow('dst',dst)
cv2.waitKey(0)

油画效果

#1 gray 2 7*7 10*10 3 0-255 256 4 640-63 64-127 
# 3 10 0-63 99 
# 4 count 5 dst = result

import cv2
import numpy as np
img = cv2.imread('image00.jpg',1)
cv2.imshow('src',img)
imgInfo = img.shape
height = imgInfo[0]
width = imgInfo[1]
gray = cv2.cvtColor(img,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
dst = np.zeros((height,width,3),np.uint8)
for i in range(4,height-4):
    for j in range(4,width-4):
        array1 = np.zeros(8,np.uint8)
        for m in range(-4,4):
            for n in range(-4,4):
                p1 = int(gray[i+m,j+n]/32)
                array1[p1] = array1[p1]+1
        currentMax = array1[0]
        l = 0
        for k in range(0,8):
            if currentMax<array1[k]:
                currentMax = array1[k]
                l = k
        # 简化 均值
        for m in range(-4,4):
            for n in range(-4,4):
                if gray[i+m,j+n]>=(l*32) and gray[i+m,j+n]<=((l+1)*32):
                    (b,g,r) = img[i+m,j+n]
        dst[i,j] = (b,g,r)
cv2.imshow('dst',dst)
cv2.waitKey(0)

灰度等级划分