VGA 13H模式显示BMP256色文件

本文为答复论坛回复所写，运行环境WINXP+TurboC2.0，图片来源C:\WINDOWS\winnt256.bmp，因为该BMP不规范调色板没有256个，文件尾部多了两个0字节，用UltraEdit删去了最后两个字节，同时修改表示文件大小的第三个字节28 BE 00 00为26 BE 00 00。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <dos.h>
#include <fcntl.h>

void initVGAMode(unsigned char mode)
{
  union REGS inregs,outregs;
  inregs.h.ah = 0;
  inregs.h.al = mode;
  int86(0x10, &inregs, &outregs);
}

void setVGAPalette(unsigned char index, unsigned char red, unsigned char green, unsigned char blue) 
{
	outp(0x3c6, 0xff);
	outp(0x3c8, index);
	outp(0x3c9, red >> 2);
	outp(0x3c9, green >> 2);
	outp(0x3c9, blue >> 2);	
}

unsigned char header[] =
{
	0x42, 0x4D, 0xAA, 0xAA, 0xAA, 0xAA, 0x00, 0x00, /*  2 AA->FileSize  */
	0x00, 0x00, 0xBB, 0xBB, 0xBB, 0xBB, 0x28, 0x00, /* 10 BB->OffBits   */
	0x00, 0x00, 0xCC, 0xCC, 0xCC, 0xCC, 0xDD, 0xDD, /* 18 CC->Width     */
	0xDD, 0xDD, 0x01, 0x00, 0xEE, 0xEE, 0x00, 0x00, /* 22 DD->Height    */
	0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x00, /* 28 EE->BitCount  */
	0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, /* 34 FF->ImageSize */
	0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
};

struct
{
	unsigned char blue;
	unsigned char green;
	unsigned char red;
	unsigned char reserved;
} palette[256];

struct
{
	unsigned long filesize;
	unsigned long offbits;
	unsigned long imagewidth;
	unsigned long imageheight;
	unsigned short bitcount;
	unsigned long imagesize;
	unsigned long widthbyte;
} bitmap;

unsigned char rowbuf[320];

void loadBitmap(const char * bmppath)
{

	unsigned char far *ptr;
	int i, j, left, top, width, height;
	FILE *file = NULL;
	do
	{
		if(bmppath == NULL) break;
		
		file = fopen(bmppath, "rb");
		if(file == NULL) break;

		fread(header, 1L, sizeof(header), file);

		if(header[0] != 0x42) break; /* B */
		if(header[1] != 0x4D) break; /* M */

		memcpy(&bitmap.filesize, header + 2, 4);
		memcpy(&bitmap.offbits, header + 10, 4);
		memcpy(&bitmap.imagewidth, header + 18, 4);
		memcpy(&bitmap.imageheight, header + 22, 4);
		memcpy(&bitmap.bitcount, header + 28, 2);
		memcpy(&bitmap.imagesize, header + 34, 4);
		bitmap.widthbyte = (bitmap.imagewidth * bitmap.bitcount + 31) / 32 * 4;

		if(bitmap.bitcount != 8) break;
		fread(palette, 256L, 4L, file);
		for(i = 0; i < 256; i++)
		{
			setVGAPalette(i, palette[i].red, palette[i].green, palette[i].blue);
		}
		
		width = min(320, bitmap.imagewidth);
		height = min(200, bitmap.imageheight);
		left = (320 - width) / 2;
		top = (200 - height) / 2;
		
		for(i = 0; i < height; i++)
		{
			fseek(file, -(i + 1) * bitmap.widthbyte, SEEK_END);
			fread(rowbuf, width, 1L, file);
			
			for(j = 0; j < width; j++)
			{
				ptr = MK_FP(0xA000, 320 * (top + i) + (left + j));
				*ptr = rowbuf[j];
			}
		}

	} while(0);
	
	if(file) fclose(file);
}

int main()
{
	initVGAMode(0x13);
	loadBitmap("C:\\turboc2\\test.bmp");
	getch();
	initVGAMode(0x03);
	return 0;
}