R语言捕获错误

最新推荐文章于 2022-10-31 20:36:07 发布

Xiaofei@IDO

最新推荐文章于 2022-10-31 20:36:07 发布

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分类专栏： R语言文章标签：大数据

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/nixiang_888/article/details/108745643

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tryCatch语法

R语言中捕获错误的方法。

基本语法：

result = tryCatch(
{
	# 主体表达式，存在于花括号中
    expr
}, 
# 捕获warning，执行warning韩式，参数为warning信息
warning = function(warning_condition) {
    warning-handler-code
}, 
# 捕获error，执行error函数，参数为error信息
error = function(error_condition) {
    error-handler-code
}, 
# 总是执行的最后表达式，一般执行清理操作
finally={
    cleanup-code
})

实例

下面以一个实例来说明。

urls <- c(
    "http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-devel/library/base/html/connections.html",
    "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xz",
    "xxxxx"
)
readUrl <- function(url) {
    out <- tryCatch(
        {
            # Just to highlight: if you want to use more than one 
            # R expression in the "try" part then you'll have to 
            # use curly brackets.
            # 'tryCatch()' will return the last evaluated expression 
            # in case the "try" part was completed successfully

            message("This is the 'try' part")

            readLines(con=url, warn=FALSE) 
            # The return value of `readLines()` is the actual value 
            # that will be returned in case there is no condition 
            # (e.g. warning or error). 
            # You don't need to state the return value via `return()` as code 
            # in the "try" part is not wrapped insided a function (unlike that
            # for the condition handlers for warnings and error below)
        },
        error=function(cond) {
            message(paste("URL does not seem to exist:", url))
            message("Here's the original error message:")
            message(cond)
            # Choose a return value in case of error
            return(NA)
        },
        warning=function(cond) {
            message(paste("URL caused a warning:", url))
            message("Here's the original warning message:")
            message(cond)
            # Choose a return value in case of warning
            return(NULL)
        },
        finally={
        # NOTE:
        # Here goes everything that should be executed at the end,
        # regardless of success or error.
        # If you want more than one expression to be executed, then you 
        # need to wrap them in curly brackets ({...}); otherwise you could
        # just have written 'finally=<expression>' 
            message(paste("Processed URL:", url))
            message("Some other message at the end")
        }
    )    
    return(out)
}

执行实例

y <- lapply(urls, readUrl)
Processed URL: http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-devel/library/base/html/connections.html
Some other message at the end
Processed URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xz
Some other message at the end
URL does not seem to exist: xxxxx
Here's the original error message:
cannot open the connection
Processed URL: xxxxx
Some other message at the end
Warning message:
In file(con, "r") : cannot open file 'xxxxx': No such file or directory

查看结果

> head(y[[1]])
[1] "<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN\">"      
[2] "<html><head><title>R: Functions to Manipulate Connections</title>"      
[3] "<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\">"
[4] "<link rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text/css\" href=\"R.css\">"             
[5] "</head><body>"                                                          
[6] ""    

> length(y)
[1] 3

> y[[3]]
[1] NA

外记

当没有错误或警告时，tryCatch返回expr表达式的结果值。
当出现错误或警告时，可以通过提供相应的处理函数来指定特定的返回值（如error中的return（NA））（详细请见?tryCatch中的参数error和warning）。
抑制warning的可替换的方法：suppressWarnings(readLines(con=url))

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R语言捕获错误

tryCatch语法R语言中捕获错误的方法。基本语法：result = tryCatch({ # 主体表达式，存在于花括号中 expr}, # 捕获warning，执行warning韩式，参数为warning信息warning = function(warning_condition) { warning-handler-code}, # 捕获error，执行error函数，参数为error信息error = function(error_condition) {
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