opencv学习笔记之视频读取处理方法

读取视频文件

• linux和window系统均可运行；
• C++脚本输入默认参数有两个：一是视频帧保存路径，二是输入视频路径；
• 可调用python实现多个视频流的读取

/*//use g++ to build 
g++ read_video.cpp -o read -std=c++11 -lopencv_core -lopencv_imgproc -lopencv_highgui
*/

#include<iostream>
#include<string>

#ifdef _WIN32
#include <io.h> /* _access */
#include<direct.h> /* _mkdir */
#else
#include<unistd.h> /* access */
#include<sys/stat.h> /*mkdir*/
#endif 
    
#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>
using namespace cv;

// 读取视频流，保存为图片
int videoSplitFrame(std::string inputVideoPath, std::string saveDir) {
    if (saveDir.back()!='/') {saveDir +="/"; }
	cv::VideoCapture capture;  //加载视频
	capture.open(inputVideoPath);
    
    // 总帧数
	long totalFrameNumber = capture.get(cv::CAP_PROP_FRAME_COUNT);
	//循环显示每一帧
	if (!capture.isOpened()){
		cout << "Could not open the input video: " << inputVideoPath << endl;
		return -1;
	}

	//cv::namedWindow("video", cv::WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	int i = 0;
	while (true && i < totalFrameNumber)
	{
		cv::Mat frame;
		capture >> frame;    //读取当前帧
		if (frame.empty()) {
			continue;
		}
		string saveName = saveDir + to_string(i) + ".jpg";
		cv::imwrite(saveName, frame);
		cout << saveName << endl;
		i++;
	}
	capture.release();
	return 0;
}

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    if(argc !=3)
    {
        //[IN]<saveDir>:保存的路径
        //[IN]<srcVideo.avi>:源视频路径
        printf("Usage: ./read saveDir srcVideo.avi\n");
        return -1;
    }

    std::string saveDir(argv[1]);
    if (saveDir.back()!='/') {saveDir +="/"; }
#ifdef _WIN32
    if(0 != _access(saveDir.c_str(),0))
    {
        _mkdir(saveDir.c_str());//create the folder
        printf("dest folder had created. \n");
    }
#else        
    if ( 0 != access(saveDir.c_str(),0))//if this is not a directory
    {
        mkdir(saveDir.c_str(),0755);//create the folder
        printf("dest folder had created. \n");
    }
#endif 
    std::string inputVideoPath(argv[2]);
    videoSplitFrame(inputVideoPath,saveDir);
    return 0;
}

• python脚本调用可执行文件实现对多个视频流的读取；

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
直接使用python读取视频感觉会出现bug，暂时没查出什么原因
"""
import cv2
import os

def read_avi(video_Path, dst_dir):
    if not os.path.exists(dst_dir):
        os.makedirs(dst_dir)
    cap  = cv2.VideoCapture(video_Path)
    #print cap.isOpened()
    if cap.isOpened():
        frame_count = 1
        success = True
        while(success):
            success, frame = cap.read()
            print 'Read a new frame: ', success
            params = []
            #params.append(cv.CV_IMWRITE_PXM_BINARY)
            params.append(1)
            
            # if frame_count%3==0:
                # name = "video" + "_%d.png" % frame_count
                
                # savePath = os.path.join("video_1",name)   
                
                # cv2.imwrite(savePath, frame, params)
                
            name = "video" + "_%d.png" % frame_count
            
            savePath = os.path.join(dst_dir,name)
            
            cv2.imwrite(savePath, frame, params)
            
            frame_count += 1
     
    cap.release()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    src_dir = r"./src_video";
    save_dir = r"./dst_video"
    for index, item in enumerate(os.listdir(src_dir)):
        if item.endswith(".avi"):
            abspath = os.path.join(src_dir,item)
            dest_dir = os.path.join(save_dir,"ID_%s"%index)
            #read_avi(abspath, dest_dir)
            #调用生成的可执行文件read传入参数进行读取
            os.system("./read %s %s "%(dest_dir,abspath))
            print ("%d done\n"%index)

python读取内存流字节

• cv2.imdecode()函数从指定的内存缓存中读取数据，并把数据转换(解码)成图像格式;主要用于从网络传输数据中恢复出图像。
• cv2.imencode()函数是将图片格式转换(编码)成流数据，赋值到内存缓存中;主要用于图像数据格式的压缩，方便网络传输。
  imdecode()使用
• 代码实现： 从网络读取图像数据并转换成图片格式：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import numpy as np
import urllib
import cv2

url = 'http://www.pyimagesearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/google_logo.png'
resp = urllib.urlopen(url)
image = np.asarray(bytearray(resp.read()), dtype="uint8")
image = cv2.imdecode(image, cv2.IMREAD_COLOR)
cv2.imshow('URL2Image',image)
cv2.waitKey()

将图片编码到缓存，并保存到本地：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import numpy as np
import urllib
import cv2

img = cv2.imread('0122.jpg')
# '.jpg'表示把当前图片img按照jpg格式编码，按照不同格式编码的结果不一样
img_encode = cv2.imencode('.jpg', img)[1]
# imgg = cv2.imencode('.png', img)

data_encode = np.array(img_encode)
str_encode = data_encode.tostring()

# 缓存数据保存到本地
with open('img_encode.txt', 'w') as f:
    f.write(str_encode)
    f.flush

• imencode()+imdecode()使用， 图片编码保存到本地，读取本地文件解码恢复成图片格式：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import numpy as np
import urllib
import cv2

img = cv2.imread('0122.jpg')
# '.jpg'表示把当前图片img按照jpg格式编码，按照不同格式编码的结果不一样
img_encode = cv2.imencode('.jpg', img)[1]
# imgg = cv2.imencode('.png', img)

data_encode = np.array(img_encode)
str_encode = data_encode.tostring()

# 缓存数据保存到本地，以txt格式保存
with open('img_encode.txt', 'w') as f:
    f.write(str_encode)
    f.flush

with open('img_encode.txt', 'r') as f:
    str_encode = f.read()

nparr = np.fromstring(str_encode, np.uint8)
img_decode = cv2.imdecode(nparr, cv2.IMREAD_COLOR)
cv2.imshow("img_decode", img_decode)
cv2.waitKey()

或

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import numpy as np
import urllib
import cv2

img = cv2.imread('0122.jpg')
# '.jpg'表示把当前图片img按照jpg格式编码，按照不同格式编码的结果不一样
img_encode = cv2.imencode('.jpg', img)[1]
# imgg = cv2.imencode('.png', img)

data_encode = np.array(img_encode)
str_encode = data_encode.tostring()

# 缓存数据保存到本地，以txt格式保存
with open('img_encode.txt', 'w') as f:
    f.write(str_encode)
    f.flush

with open('img_encode.txt', 'r') as f:
    str_encode = f.read()

image = np.asarray(bytearray(str_encode), dtype="uint8")
image = cv2.imdecode(image, cv2.IMREAD_COLOR)
cv2.imshow('img_decode',image)
cv2.waitKey()