(1)vector
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include<vector>
#include<algorithm>
//vector容器构造
void printVector(vector<int>& v)
{
for (vector<int>::iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); it++)
{
cout << *it << " ";
}
cout << endl;
}
void test01()
{
vector<int>v1;
//默认构造 无参构造
for (int i = 10; i > 1; i--)
{
v1.push_back(i);
}
cout << "输出v1" << endl;
printVector(v1);
//通过区间方式进行构造
vector<int>v2(v1.begin(), v1.end());
printVector(v2);
//n个elem方式构造
vector<int>v3(10, 100);
printVector(v3);
//拷贝构造
vector<int>v4(v3);
printVector(v4);
sort(v1.begin(), v1.end());
cout << "v1排序后:" << endl;
printVector(v1);
}
void test02()
{
//vector赋值
vector<int>v5;
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
v5.push_back(i);
}
printVector(v5);
//等号赋值
vector<int>v6;
v6 = v5;
printVector(v6);
//assign
vector<int>v7;
v7.assign(v5.begin(), v5.end());
printVector(v7);
//几个elem 方式赋值
vector<int>v8;
v8.assign(10, 100);
printVector(v8);
}
void test03()
{
vector<int>v9;
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
v9.push_back(i);
}
if (v9.empty())
{
cout << "v9为空" << endl;
}
else
{
cout << "v9不为空" << endl;
printVector(v9);
cout << "v9的容量为" << v9.capacity()<<endl;
cout << "v9的大小为" << v9.size() << endl;
}
//重新指定大小
v9.resize(15,100);
printVector(v9);
v9.resize(18);
printVector(v9);
v9.resize(5);
printVector(v9);
}
void test04()
{
vector<int>v10;
//尾插法
v10.push_back(10);
v10.push_back(20);
v10.push_back(30);
v10.push_back(40);
v10.push_back(50);
printVector(v10);
//尾删法
v10.pop_back();
printVector(v10);
//插入
v10.insert(v10.begin(), 2,100);
printVector(v10);
//删除
v10.erase(v10.begin());
printVector(v10);
//清空
v10.clear();
//v10.erase(v10.begin(),v10.end());
printVector(v10);
}
void test05()
{
vector<int>v11;
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
v11.push_back(i);
}
//利用[]方式访问数组元素
for (int j = 0; j < v11.size(); j++)
{
cout << v11[j] << " ";
}
cout << endl;
//利用at方式访问元素
for (int i = 0; i < v11.size(); i++)
{
cout << v11.at(i) << " ";
}
cout << endl;
//获取第一个元素
cout << "第一个元素为:" << v11.front() << endl;
//获取最后一个元素
cout << "最后一个元素为:" << v11.back() << endl;
}
void test06()
{
//vector容器互换
cout << "交换前" << endl;
vector<int>v12;
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
v12.push_back(i);
}
printVector(v12);
vector<int>v13;
for (int i = 10; i >= 1; i--)
{
v13.push_back(i);
}
printVector(v13);
cout << "交换后" << endl;
v12.swap(v13);
printVector(v12);
printVector(v13);
}
void test07()
{
vector<int>v14;
for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
{
v14.push_back(i);
}
cout << "v14的容量为" << v14.capacity() << endl;
cout << "v14的大小为" << v14.size() << endl;
v14.resize(3);//容量不会变
cout << "v14的容量为" << v14.capacity() << endl;
cout << "v14的大小为" << v14.size() << endl;
cout << endl;
//巧用swap收缩内存
vector<int>(v14).swap(v14);
cout << "v14的容量为" << v14.capacity() << endl;
cout << "v14的大小为" << v14.size() << endl;
}
void test08()
{
//vector容器 预留空间
vector <int>v15;
v15.reserve(100000);//利用reserve预留空间
int num = 0;//统计开辟次数
int* p = NULL;
for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
{
v15.push_back(i);
if (p != &v15[0])
{
p = &v15[0];
num++;
}
}
cout << num<<"次";
}
int main()
{
test01();
/*test02();
test03();
test04();
test05();
test06();
test07();
test08();*/
system("pause");
return 0;
}