Linux 自带按键驱动程序的使用

Linux 内核也自带了 KEY 驱动，如果要使用内核自带的 KEY 驱动的话需要配置 Linux 内
核，不过 Linux 内核一般默认已经使能了 KEY 驱动；

内核配置：

-> Device Drivers
    -> Input device support
        -> Generic input layer (needed for keyboard, mouse, ...) (INPUT [=y])
            -> Keyboards (INPUT_KEYBOARD [=y])
                ->GPIO Buttons

 源文件路径：drivers/input/keyboard/gpio_keys.c

static const struct of_device_id gpio_keys_of_match[] = {
	{ .compatible = "gpio-keys", },
	{ },
};

static struct platform_driver gpio_keys_device_driver = {
	.probe		= gpio_keys_probe,
	.remove		= gpio_keys_remove,
	.driver		= {
		.name	= "gpio-keys",
		.pm	= &gpio_keys_pm_ops,
		.of_match_table = of_match_ptr(gpio_keys_of_match),
	}
};

compatible 内容为“gpio-keys”，设备树中的 按键设备节点的 compatible 属性值也要为“gpio-keys”

Linux 内核自带的按键 驱动采用了 platform 框架，匹配成功后gpio_keys_probe 函数就会执行

gpio_keys_probe 函数

static int gpio_keys_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
{
	struct device *dev = &pdev->dev;
	const struct gpio_keys_platform_data *pdata = dev_get_platdata(dev);
	struct gpio_keys_drvdata *ddata;
	struct input_dev *input;
	size_t size;
	int i, error;
	int wakeup = 0;

	if (!pdata) {
		pdata = gpio_keys_get_devtree_pdata(dev);
		if (IS_ERR(pdata))
			return PTR_ERR(pdata);
	}

	size = sizeof(struct gpio_keys_drvdata) +
			pdata->nbuttons * sizeof(struct gpio_button_data);
	ddata = devm_kzalloc(dev, size, GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!ddata) {
		dev_err(dev, "failed to allocate state\n");
		return -ENOMEM;
	}

	input = devm_input_allocate_device(dev);
	if (!input) {
		dev_err(dev, "failed to allocate input device\n");
		return -ENOMEM;
	}

	ddata->pdata = pdata;
	ddata->input = input;
	mutex_init(&ddata->disable_lock);

	platform_set_drvdata(pdev, ddata);
	input_set_drvdata(input, ddata);

	input->name = pdata->name ? : pdev->name;
	input->phys = "gpio-keys/input0";
	input->dev.parent = &pdev->dev;
	input->open = gpio_keys_open;
	input->close = gpio_keys_close;

	input->id.bustype = BUS_HOST;
	input->id.vendor = 0x0001;
	input->id.product = 0x0001;
	input->id.version = 0x0100;

	/* Enable auto repeat feature of Linux input subsystem */
	if (pdata->rep)
		__set_bit(EV_REP, input->evbit);

	for (i = 0; i < pdata->nbuttons; i++) {
		const struct gpio_keys_button *button = &pdata->buttons[i];
		struct gpio_button_data *bdata = &ddata->data[i];

		error = gpio_keys_setup_key(pdev, input, bdata, button);
		if (error)
			return error;

		if (button->wakeup)
			wakeup = 1;
	}

	error = sysfs_create_group(&pdev->dev.kobj, &gpio_keys_attr_group);
	if (error) {
		dev_err(dev, "Unable to export keys/switches, error: %d\n",
			error);
		return error;
	}

	error = input_register_device(input);
	if (error) {
		dev_err(dev, "Unable to register input device, error: %d\n",
			error);
		goto err_remove_group;
	}

	device_init_wakeup(&pdev->dev, wakeup);

	return 0;

err_remove_group:
	sysfs_remove_group(&pdev->dev.kobj, &gpio_keys_attr_group);
	return error;
}

1.申请输入设备input = devm_input_allocate_device(dev);

2. 遍历所有的按键子节点，初始化按键

3.注册输入子系统

gpio_keys_setup_key函数

static int gpio_keys_setup_key(struct platform_device *pdev,
				struct input_dev *input,
				struct gpio_button_data *bdata,
				const struct gpio_keys_button *button)
{
	const char *desc = button->desc ? button->desc : "gpio_keys";
	struct device *dev = &pdev->dev;
	irq_handler_t isr;
	unsigned long irqflags;
	int irq;
	int error;

	bdata->input = input;
	bdata->button = button;
	spin_lock_init(&bdata->lock);

	if (gpio_is_valid(button->gpio)) {

		error = devm_gpio_request_one(&pdev->dev, button->gpio,
					      GPIOF_IN, desc);
		if (error < 0) {
			dev_err(dev, "Failed to request GPIO %d, error %d\n",
				button->gpio, error);
			return error;
		}

		if (button->debounce_interval) {
			error = gpio_set_debounce(button->gpio,
					button->debounce_interval * 1000);
			/* use timer if gpiolib doesn't provide debounce */
			if (error < 0)
				bdata->software_debounce =
						button->debounce_interval;
		}

		if (button->irq) {
			bdata->irq = button->irq;
		} else {
			irq = gpio_to_irq(button->gpio);
			if (irq < 0) {
				error = irq;
				dev_err(dev,
					"Unable to get irq number for GPIO %d, error %d\n",
					button->gpio, error);
				return error;
			}
			bdata->irq = irq;
		}

		INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&bdata->work, gpio_keys_gpio_work_func);

		isr = gpio_keys_gpio_isr;
		irqflags = IRQF_TRIGGER_RISING | IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING;

	} else {
		if (!button->irq) {
			dev_err(dev, "No IRQ specified\n");
			return -EINVAL;
		}
		bdata->irq = button->irq;

		if (button->type && button->type != EV_KEY) {
			dev_err(dev, "Only EV_KEY allowed for IRQ buttons.\n");
			return -EINVAL;
		}

		bdata->release_delay = button->debounce_interval;
		setup_timer(&bdata->release_timer,
			    gpio_keys_irq_timer, (unsigned long)bdata);

		isr = gpio_keys_irq_isr;
		irqflags = 0;
	}

	input_set_capability(input, button->type ?: EV_KEY, button->code);

	/*
	 * Install custom action to cancel release timer and
	 * workqueue item.
	 */
	error = devm_add_action(&pdev->dev, gpio_keys_quiesce_key, bdata);
	if (error) {
		dev_err(&pdev->dev,
			"failed to register quiesce action, error: %d\n",
			error);
		return error;
	}

	/*
	 * If platform has specified that the button can be disabled,
	 * we don't want it to share the interrupt line.
	 */
	if (!button->can_disable)
		irqflags |= IRQF_SHARED;

	error = devm_request_any_context_irq(&pdev->dev, bdata->irq,
					     isr, irqflags, desc, bdata);
	if (error < 0) {
		dev_err(dev, "Unable to claim irq %d; error %d\n",
			bdata->irq, error);
		return error;
	}

	return 0;
}

1.申请GPIO

2.申请中断号

3.初始化工作队列

4.初始化按键中断服务函数

gpio_keys_irq_isr函数

static irqreturn_t gpio_keys_gpio_isr(int irq, void *dev_id)
{
	struct gpio_button_data *bdata = dev_id;

	BUG_ON(irq != bdata->irq);

	if (bdata->button->wakeup)
		pm_stay_awake(bdata->input->dev.parent);

	mod_delayed_work(system_wq,
			 &bdata->work,
			 msecs_to_jiffies(bdata->software_debounce));

	return IRQ_HANDLED;
}

在中断服务函数中开启延时工作队列mod_delayed_work(system_wq, &bdata->work,
             msecs_to_jiffies(bdata->software_debounce));

gpio_keys_gpio_work_func

static void gpio_keys_gpio_work_func(struct work_struct *work)
{
	struct gpio_button_data *bdata =
		container_of(work, struct gpio_button_data, work.work);

	gpio_keys_gpio_report_event(bdata);

	if (bdata->button->wakeup)
		pm_relax(bdata->input->dev.parent);
}

延时队列中处理中断的下文gpio_keys_gpio_report_event（）

gpio_keys_gpio_report_event

static void gpio_keys_gpio_report_event(struct gpio_button_data *bdata)
{
	const struct gpio_keys_button *button = bdata->button;
	struct input_dev *input = bdata->input;
	unsigned int type = button->type ?: EV_KEY;
	int state = (gpio_get_value_cansleep(button->gpio) ? 1 : 0) ^ button->active_low;

	if (type == EV_ABS) {
		if (state)
			input_event(input, type, button->code, button->value);
	} else {
		input_event(input, type, button->code, !!state);
	}
	input_sync(input);
}

通过输入子系统上报按键事件

设备树

	gpio-keys {
		compatible = "gpio-keys";
		#address-cells = <1>;
		#size-cells = <0>;
		autorepeat;
		
		key0 {
		label = "GPIO Key Enter";
		linux,code = <KEY_ENTER>;
		gpios = <&gpio1 18 GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW>;
		};

		key1 {
		label = "GPIO Key Esc";
		linux,code = <KEY_ESC>;
		gpios = <&gpio1 17 GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW>;
		};

		key2 {
		label = "GPIO Key K1";
		linux,code = <KEY_1>;
		gpios = <&gpio1 16 GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW>;
		};
	};

按键对应的设备节点

 按键测试

 

总结：

1.申请注册输入设备

2.申请IO和中断号

3.初始化延时工作队列(中断下文处理)

4.在中断服务函数上开启延时工作队列

5.在延时工作队列中将按键事件通过输入子系统上报给Linux内核