有限状态机的实现

状态变换表

// 状态基类
template <class entity_type>    // 使State基类可以重用
class State : public Singleton<State> { // Singleton模式，共享状态实例，要注意派生类的实现中不能
public:
    virtual void Enter(entity_type*) = 0;
    virtual void Execute(entity_type*) = 0;
    virtual void Exit(entity_type*) = 0;
};

// 实体类
class Troll {
public:
    void update() {
        m_pCurrentState->Execute(this);
    }

    void changeState(State* pNewState) {
        m_pCurrentState->Exit(this);
        m_pCurrentState = pNewState;
        m_pCurrentState->Enter(this);
    }

private:
    State* m_pCurrentState;
};

// 逃跑状态
class State_RunAway : public State<State_RunAway> {
public:
    void Execute(Troll* troll) {
        if (troll->isSafe()) {
            troll->changeState(State_Sleep::getInstance());
        }
        else {
            troll->MoveAwayFromEnemy();
        }
    }
}

// 睡觉状态
class State_Sleep : public State<State_RunAway> {
public:
    void Execute(Troll* troll) {
        if (troll->isThreatened()) {
            troll->changeState(State_RunAway::getInstance());
        }
        else {
            troll->Snore();
        }
    }
}