前言:
准备:
1 去官网下载 RT-Thread 源码
2 准备 source insight 4.0 / 随意文本阅读器
3 下载官方的 API 手册并打开
4 打开 rt-thread-master/src/thread.c 和 rt-thread-master/rtthread.h 两个文件
目的:
1 根据源码解读线程的初始化
正文:线程的初始化
在 rt_thread_init() 和 rt_thread_create() 函数中均最后引用了 rt_thread_init()
所以咱先对这个函数进行深入解读
//参数介绍可以看文档
static rt_err_t _rt_thread_init(struct rt_thread *thread, //这个线程的相关描述
const char *name, //线程名称
void (*entry)(void *parameter), //线程入口函数
void *parameter, //入口参数
void *stack_start, //保存线程上下文信息的栈地址
rt_uint32_t stack_size, // 线程栈的长度(初期推荐 1K=1024 byte/ 2K=2048 byte)
rt_uint8_t priority, // 线程优先级(理论255 最低/0最高)具体得看 rtconfig.h 定义 RT_THREAD_PRIORITY_MAX
rt_uint32_t tick) // 这个参数指定线程一次调度能够运行的最大时间长度
{
/* init thread list */
rt_list_init(&(thread->tlist)); //线程列表所在前后线程均指向自己 {list->next = list->prev = list}
thread->entry = (void *)entry;
thread->parameter = parameter;
/* stack init */
thread->stack_addr = stack_start;
thread->stack_size = stack_size;
/* init thread stack */
rt_memset(thread->stack_addr, '#', thread->stack_size); //栈初始化(后续说明 rt_memset 下一篇)
#ifdef ARCH_CPU_STACK_GROWS_UPWARD //栈地址由低向高增长
thread->sp = (void *)rt_hw_stack_init(thread->entry, thread->parameter, (后续说明rt_hw_stack_init 下一篇)
(void *)((char *)thread->stack_addr),
(void *)rt_thread_exit);
#else //RT-Thread 3.1.0 以前的版本,均只支持栈由高地址向低地址增长的方式
thread->sp = (void *)rt_hw_stack_init(thread->entry, thread->parameter,
(rt_uint8_t *)((char *)thread->stack_addr + thread->stack_size - sizeof(rt_ubase_t)),
(void *)rt_thread_exit);
#endif
/* priority init */
RT_ASSERT(priority < RT_THREAD_PRIORITY_MAX);//判断优先级符合要求
thread->init_priority = priority;
thread->current_priority = priority; //动态优先级(是可变的)
thread->number_mask = 0;
#if RT_THREAD_PRIORITY_MAX > 32
thread->number = 0;
thread->high_mask = 0;
#endif
/* tick init */
thread->init_tick = tick;
thread->remaining_tick = tick;
/* error and flags */
thread->error = RT_EOK;
thread->stat = RT_THREAD_INIT;
#ifdef RT_USING_SMP
/* not bind on any cpu */
thread->bind_cpu = RT_CPUS_NR;
thread->oncpu = RT_CPU_DETACHED;
/* lock init */
thread->scheduler_lock_nest = 0;
thread->cpus_lock_nest = 0;
#endif /*RT_USING_SMP*/
/* initialize cleanup function and user data */
thread->cleanup = 0;
thread->user_data = 0;
/* init thread timer */
rt_timer_init(&(thread->thread_timer), //下一篇讲解
thread->name,
rt_thread_timeout,
thread,
0,
RT_TIMER_FLAG_ONE_SHOT);
/* initialize signal */
#ifdef RT_USING_SIGNALS
thread->sig_mask = 0x00;
thread->sig_pending = 0x00;
#ifndef RT_USING_SMP //对称多核处理器(用于区分单核和多核芯片)
thread->sig_ret = RT_NULL;
#endif
thread->sig_vectors = RT_NULL;
thread->si_list = RT_NULL;
#endif
#ifdef RT_USING_LWP //轻量级进程(Lightweight Process,LWP),是程序执行流的最小单元
thread->lwp = RT_NULL;
#endif
RT_OBJECT_HOOK_CALL(rt_thread_inited_hook, (thread)); [^1]
//对象钩子函数,在创建,删除,获取和放置等对象时调用
//就是通知内核空了调用一下这个线程
return RT_EOK;
}
1 RT_OBJECT_HOOK_CALL(rt_thread_inited_hook, (thread));
2 #define RT_OBJECT_HOOK_CALL(func, argv) \
do {if ((func) != RT_NULL) func argv;} while (0)
3 static void (*rt_thread_inited_hook) (rt_thread_t thread)
合并
do {
if ((rt_thread_inited_hook) != RT_NULL) {
rt_thread_inited_hook(thread); //宏定义中,程序是照搬的
} while (0)
}
可以自己测试以下程序就够明白了
#include <stdio.h>
#define TEST_FUN(func, argv) \
do {if ((func) != NULL) func argv;} while (0)
void test_A (int t) {
printf("%d", t);
}
int main() {
int B = 10;
TEST_FUN(test_A, B); // 或者 TEST_FUN(test_A, (B)); 这两种都试试看,你就理解宏定义中变量替代的方式了重点在于 (B)
return 0; // 输出 10
}