二项分布是n个独立的成功/失败试验中成功的次数的离散概率分布,其中每次试验的成功概率为p。
Usage
dbinom(x, size, prob, log = FALSE) pbinom(q, size, prob, lower.tail = TRUE, log.p = FALSE) qbinom(p, size, prob, lower.tail = TRUE, log.p = FALSE) rbinom(n, size, prob)
1. rbinom
从二项分布中随机抽样
# 从二项分布r(10,0.2)中随机抽三个样
rbinom(3,10,0.2)
rbinom(8,150,.4)
2. dbinom
二项分布中出现不同结果的概率
x <- rbinom(100,1000,.2)
x <- seq(0,1000)
y <- dbinom(x,1000,0.2)
plot(x,y) # 离散型,像正太分布
3. pbinom
累积概率
# Probability of getting 210 or less events from a 1000 tries with a probability of 0.2.
pbinom(210,1000,.2)
4. qbinom
在给定概率值下,事件发生次数最少为多少,pnorm的反函数。
# How many heads will have a probability of 0.25 will come out when a coin is tossed 51 times.
x <- qbinom(0.25,51,0.5)
print(x)