10 STM32F429 中断

最新推荐文章于 2022-12-14 10:17:32 发布

Clectronic

最新推荐文章于 2022-12-14 10:17:32 发布

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文章标签： stm32 单片机 arm

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_27716761/article/details/127072476

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E10 STM32F429 中断

中断是指程序执行过程中，遇到急需处理的事件时，暂时中止CPU上现行程序的运行，转去执行相应的事件处理程序，待处理完成后再返回原程序被中断处或调度其他程序执行的过程
操作系统是“中断驱动”的；换言之，中断（广义）是激活操作系统的唯一方式
中断有广义和狭义之分，上述中断时指广义的中断

中断向量表

概览

数字越小优先级越高
灰色部分为系统中断

向量表存储位置

一般默认是存储在FLASH当中，但是可以修改VTOR寄存器选择是在FLASH中或者SRAM中.

可以看出第29位为0时选用flash，选用为1时为SRAM

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-79G6HQL1-1664263713144)(https://picture-1309470925.cos.ap-chengdu.myqcloud.com/pic/image-20220927135622480.png)]

此处flash地址为0x80000000

NVIC寄存器

用于表达优先级的这 4bit，又被分组成抢占优先级和子优先级。如果有多个中断同时响应，抢占
优先级高的就会抢占抢占优先级低的优先得到执行，如果抢占优先级相同，就比较子优先级。如
果抢占优先级和子优先级都相同的话，就比较他们的硬件中断编号，编号越小，优先级越高。

NVIC_IPRx

中断编程的顺序

使能中断请求
配置中断优先级分组
配置NVIC寄存器，初始化NVIC_InitTypeDef
编写中断服务函数

1.使能中断请求

要让CPU处理中断，先要让对应中断控制寄存器使能

例如:

串行外设接口 (SPI)

2.中断优先级分组

/** @defgroup MISC_Private_Functions
  * @{
  */

/**
  * @brief  Configures the priority grouping: pre-emption priority and subpriority.
  * @param  NVIC_PriorityGroup: specifies the priority grouping bits length. 
  *   This parameter can be one of the following values:
  *     @arg NVIC_PriorityGroup_0: 0 bits for pre-emption priority
  *                                4 bits for subpriority
  *     @arg NVIC_PriorityGroup_1: 1 bits for pre-emption priority
  *                                3 bits for subpriority
  *     @arg NVIC_PriorityGroup_2: 2 bits for pre-emption priority
  *                                2 bits for subpriority
  *     @arg NVIC_PriorityGroup_3: 3 bits for pre-emption priority
  *                                1 bits for subpriority
  *     @arg NVIC_PriorityGroup_4: 4 bits for pre-emption priority
  *                                0 bits for subpriority
  * @note   When the NVIC_PriorityGroup_0 is selected, IRQ pre-emption is no more possible. 
  *         The pending IRQ priority will be managed only by the subpriority. 
  * @retval None
  */
void NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(uint32_t NVIC_PriorityGroup)
{
  /* Check the parameters */
  assert_param(IS_NVIC_PRIORITY_GROUP(NVIC_PriorityGroup));
  
  /* Set the PRIGROUP[10:8] bits according to NVIC_PriorityGroup value */
  SCB->AIRCR = AIRCR_VECTKEY_MASK | NVIC_PriorityGroup;
}

3.配置NVIC寄存器，初始化NVIC_InitTypeDef

初始化结构体

typedef struct
{
  //即查询中断向量表找到中断源
  uint8_t NVIC_IRQChannel;                    /*!< Specifies the IRQ channel to be enabled or disabled.
                                                   This parameter can be an enumerator of @ref IRQn_Type 
                                                   enumeration (For the complete STM32 Devices IRQ Channels
                                                   list, please refer to stm32f4xx.h file) */
  //主优先级
  uint8_t NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority;  /*!< Specifies the pre-emption priority for the IRQ channel
                                                   specified in NVIC_IRQChannel. This parameter can be a value
                                                   between 0 and 15 as described in the table @ref MISC_NVIC_Priority_Table
                                                   A lower priority value indicates a higher priority */
  //子优先级
  uint8_t NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority;         /*!< Specifies the subpriority level for the IRQ channel specified
                                                   in NVIC_IRQChannel. This parameter can be a value
                                                   between 0 and 15 as described in the table @ref MISC_NVIC_Priority_Table
                                                   A lower priority value indicates a higher priority */
  //是否使能
  FunctionalState NVIC_IRQChannelCmd;         /*!< Specifies whether the IRQ channel defined in NVIC_IRQChannel
                                                   will be enabled or disabled. 
                                                   This parameter can be set either to ENABLE or DISABLE */   
} NVIC_InitTypeDef;

初始化函数

 /**
  * @brief  Initializes the NVIC peripheral according to the specified
  *         parameters in the NVIC_InitStruct.
  * @note   To configure interrupts priority correctly, the NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig()
  *         function should be called before. 
  * @param  NVIC_InitStruct: pointer to a NVIC_InitTypeDef structure that contains
  *         the configuration information for the specified NVIC peripheral.
  * @retval None
  */
void NVIC_Init(NVIC_InitTypeDef* NVIC_InitStruct)
{
  uint8_t tmppriority = 0x00, tmppre = 0x00, tmpsub = 0x0F;
  
  /* Check the parameters */
  assert_param(IS_FUNCTIONAL_STATE(NVIC_InitStruct->NVIC_IRQChannelCmd));
  assert_param(IS_NVIC_PREEMPTION_PRIORITY(NVIC_InitStruct->NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority));  
  assert_param(IS_NVIC_SUB_PRIORITY(NVIC_InitStruct->NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority));
    
  if (NVIC_InitStruct->NVIC_IRQChannelCmd != DISABLE)
  {
    /* Compute the Corresponding IRQ Priority --------------------------------*/    
    tmppriority = (0x700 - ((SCB->AIRCR) & (uint32_t)0x700))>> 0x08;
    tmppre = (0x4 - tmppriority);
    tmpsub = tmpsub >> tmppriority;

    tmppriority = NVIC_InitStruct->NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority << tmppre;
    tmppriority |=  (uint8_t)(NVIC_InitStruct->NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority & tmpsub);
        
    tmppriority = tmppriority << 0x04;
        
    NVIC->IP[NVIC_InitStruct->NVIC_IRQChannel] = tmppriority;
    
    /* Enable the Selected IRQ Channels --------------------------------------*/
    NVIC->ISER[NVIC_InitStruct->NVIC_IRQChannel >> 0x05] =
      (uint32_t)0x01 << (NVIC_InitStruct->NVIC_IRQChannel & (uint8_t)0x1F);
  }
  else
  {
    /* Disable the Selected IRQ Channels -------------------------------------*/
    NVIC->ICER[NVIC_InitStruct->NVIC_IRQChannel >> 0x05] =
      (uint32_t)0x01 << (NVIC_InitStruct->NVIC_IRQChannel & (uint8_t)0x1F);
  }
}