周期为2L的函数展开为傅里叶级数
周期为2L的函数展开为傅里叶级数
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f(t)=f(t+2L)
f(t)=f(t+2L)
换元
x = π L t x=\frac{\pi}{L}t x=Lπt
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t=\frac{L}{\pi}x
t=πLx
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f(t)=f(\frac{L}{\pi}x)=g(x)
f(t)=f(πLx)=g(x)
原先:
g ( x ) = a 0 2 + ∑ n = 1 ∞ [ a n c o s n x + b n s i n n x ] g(x)=\frac{a_0}{2}+\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}[a_ncosnx+b_nsinnx] g(x)=2a0+∑n=1∞[ancosnx+bnsinnx]
a 0 = 1 π ∫ − π π g ( x ) d x a_0=\frac{1}{\pi}\int_{-\pi}^{\pi}g(x)dx a0=π1∫−ππg(x)dx
a n = 1 π ∫ − π π g ( x ) c o s n x d x a_n=\frac{1}{\pi}\int_{-\pi}^{\pi}g(x)cosnxdx an=π1∫−ππg(x)cosnxdx
b n = 1 π ∫ − π π g ( x ) s i n n x d x b_n=\frac{1}{\pi}\int_{-\pi}^{\pi}g(x)sinnxdx bn=π1∫−ππg(x)sinnxdx
换元:
x = π L t x=\frac{\pi}{L}t x=Lπt
c o s n x = c o s n π L t cosnx=cos\frac{n \pi}{L}t cosnx=cosLnπt
s i n n x = s i n n π L t sinnx = sin\frac{n \pi}{L}t sinnx=sinLnπt
g ( x ) = f ( t ) g(x)=f(t) g(x)=f(t)
∫ − π π d x = ∫ − L L d π L t \int_{-\pi}^{\pi}dx=\int_{-L}^{L}d\frac{\pi}{L}t ∫−ππdx=∫−LLdLπt
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\frac{1}{\pi}\int_{-\pi}^{\pi}dx=\frac{1}{\pi}\frac{\pi}{L}\int_{-L}^{L}dt=\frac{1}{L}\int_{-L}^{L}dt
π1∫−ππdx=π1Lπ∫−LLdt=L1∫−LLdt
结果:
f ( t ) = a 0 2 + ∑ n = 1 ∞ [ a n c o s n π L t + b n s i n n π L t ] f(t)=\frac{a_0}{2}+\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}[a_ncos\frac{n\pi}{L}t+b_nsin\frac{n \pi}{L}t] f(t)=2a0+∑n=1∞[ancosLnπt+bnsinLnπt]
a 0 = 1 L ∫ − L L f ( t ) d t a_0=\frac{1}{L}\int_{-L}^L f(t) dt a0=L1∫−LLf(t)dt
a n = 1 L ∫ − L L f ( t ) c o s n π L t d t a_n=\frac{1}{L}\int_{-L}^{L}f(t)cos\frac{n\pi}{L}tdt an=L1∫−LLf(t)cosLnπtdt
b n = 1 L ∫ − L L f ( t ) s i n n π L t d t b_n=\frac{1}{L}\int_{-L}^{L}f(t)sin\frac{n\pi}{L}tdt bn=L1∫−LLf(t)sinLnπtdt
工程中:
t t t 从0开始,周期为 T = 2 L w = π L = 2 π T T=2L \quad w=\frac{\pi}{L}=\frac{2\pi}{T} T=2Lw=Lπ=T2π
∫ − L L d t → ∫ 0 2 L d t → ∫ 0 T d t \int_{-L}^Ldt \rightarrow \int_0^{2L}dt \rightarrow \int_0^Tdt ∫−LLdt→∫02Ldt→∫0Tdt
f ( t ) = a 0 2 + ∑ n = 1 ∞ [ a n c o s n w t + b n s i n n w t ] f(t)=\frac{a_0}{2}+\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}[a_ncosnwt+b_nsinnwt] f(t)=2a0+∑n=1∞[ancosnwt+bnsinnwt]
a 0 = 2 T ∫ 0 T f ( t ) d t a_0=\frac{2}{T}\int_{0}^T f(t) dt a0=T2∫0Tf(t)dt
a n = 2 T ∫ 0 T f ( t ) c o s n w t d t a_n=\frac{2}{T}\int_{0}^{T}f(t)cosnwtdt an=T2∫0Tf(t)cosnwtdt
b n = 2 T ∫ 0 T f ( t ) s i n n w t d t b_n=\frac{2}{T}\int_{0}^{T}f(t)sinnwtdt bn=T2∫0Tf(t)sinnwtdt
原视频:
https://www.bilibili.com/video/av34845617/?spm_id_from=333.788.videocard.2