CANoe中的DLL编程

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前言

CANoe是目前汽车电子开发中差常用的工具，因为其封闭性（Vector独有），开发的时候，有很多局限性；这个时候我们可以通过C++的强大来弥补CAPL的不足，我们可以通过C++封装一个动态链接库（DLL）,然后我们在CAPL中引用即可，下面我们就怎么创建一个DLL，简单介绍下

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Vector 官方Demo

1，软件版本：

• CANoe使用的是 11.0版本
• VS 是 VS 2019 社区版

2，一般的C++创建的DLL在CAPL中是无法使用的，必须遵循CAPL的语法创建的才可以正常使用。 在CANoe/CANalyzer 的安装包中， 有Vector 的官方Demo，我们可以仿照着去创建我们的DLL。

CANoe 11.0版本 demo的安装位置：

说明：

• VS 2017 Project 生成的平台是 X 64版本，本人用VS 2019直接打开，直接编译生成DLL，不可用，不知为何，就放弃了 ,
• VS 2013 Project 生成的平台是 32 版本，直接生成可用

3，使用VS打开上面截图中的 VS 2013 Project ， 我们直接打开capldll.cpp文件，然后定位到下面代码的地方：

// ============================================================================
// CAPL_DLL_INFO_LIST : list of exported functions
//   The first field is predefined and mustn't be changed!
//   The list has to end with a {0,0} entry!
// New struct supporting function names with up to 50 characters
// ============================================================================
CAPL_DLL_INFO4 table[] = {
{CDLL_VERSION_NAME, (CAPL_FARCALL)CDLL_VERSION, "", "", CAPL_DLL_CDECL, 0xabcd, CDLL_EXPORT },

  {"dllInit",           (CAPL_FARCALL)appInit,          "CAPL_DLL","This function will initialize all callback functions in the CAPLDLL",'V', 1, "D", "", {"handle"}},
  {"dllEnd",            (CAPL_FARCALL)appEnd,           "CAPL_DLL","This function will release the CAPL function handle in the CAPLDLL",'V', 1, "D", "", {"handle"}}, 
  {"dllSetValue",       (CAPL_FARCALL)appSetValue,      "CAPL_DLL","This function will call a callback functions",'L', 2, "DL", "", {"handle","x"}},
  {"dllReadData",       (CAPL_FARCALL)appReadData,      "CAPL_DLL","This function will call a callback functions",'L', 2, "DL", "", {"handle","x"}},
  {"dllPut",            (CAPL_FARCALL)appPut,           "CAPL_DLL","This function will save data from CAPL to DLL memory",'V', 1, "D", "", {"x"}}, 
  {"dllGet",            (CAPL_FARCALL)appGet,           "CAPL_DLL","This function will read data from DLL memory to CAPL",'D', 0, "", "", {""}}, 
  {"dllVoid",           (CAPL_FARCALL)voidFct,          "CAPL_DLL","This function will overwrite DLL memory from CAPL without parameter",'V', 0, "", "", {""}}, 
  {"dllPutDataOnePar",  (CAPL_FARCALL)appPutDataOnePar, "CAPL_DLL","This function will put data from CAPL array to DLL",'V', 1, "B", "\001", {"datablock"}}, 
  {"dllGetDataOnePar",  (CAPL_FARCALL)appGetDataOnePar, "CAPL_DLL","This function will get data from DLL into CAPL memory",'V', 1, "B", "\001", {"datablock"}}, 
  {"dllPutDataTwoPars", (CAPL_FARCALL)appPutDataTwoPars,"CAPL_DLL","This function will put two datas from CAPL array to DLL",'V', 2, "DB", "\000\001", {"noOfBytes","datablock"}},// number of pars in octal format
  {"dllGetDataTwoPars", (CAPL_FARCALL)appGetDataTwoPars,"CAPL_DLL","This function will get two datas from DLL into CAPL memory",'V', 2, "DB", "\000\001", {"noOfBytes","datablock"}},
  {"dllAdd",            (CAPL_FARCALL)appAdd,           "CAPL_DLL","This function will add two values. The return value is the result",'L', 2, "LL", "", {"x","y"}},  
  {"dllSubtract",       (CAPL_FARCALL)appSubtract,      "CAPL_DLL","This function will substract two values. The return value is the result",'L', 2, "LL", "", {"x","y"}},
  {"dllSupportLongFunctionNamesWithUpTo50Characters",   (CAPL_FARCALL)appLongFuncName,      "CAPL_DLL","This function shows the support of long function names",'D', 0, "", "", {""}},
  {"dllAdd63Parameters", (CAPL_FARCALL)appAddValues63,  "CAPL_DLL", "This function will add 63 values. The return value is the result",'L', 63, "LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL",  "", {"val01","val02","val03","val04","val05","val06","val07","val08","val09","val10","val11","val12","val13","val14","val15","val16","val17","val18","val19","val20","val21","val22","val23","val24","val25","val26","val27","val28","val29","val30","val31","val32","val33","val34","val35","val36","val37","val38","val39","val40","val41","val42","val43","val44","val45","val46","val47","val48","val49","val50","val51","val52","val53","val54","val55","val56","val57","val58","val59","val60","val61","val62","val63"}},
  {"dllAdd64Parameters", (CAPL_FARCALL)appAddValues64,  "CAPL_DLL", "This function will add 64 values. The return value is the result",'L', 64, {SixtyFourLongPars},                                                "", {"val01","val02","val03","val04","val05","val06","val07","val08","val09","val10","val11","val12","val13","val14","val15","val16","val17","val18","val19","val20","val21","val22","val23","val24","val25","val26","val27","val28","val29","val30","val31","val32","val33","val34","val35","val36","val37","val38","val39","val40","val41","val42","val43","val44","val45","val46","val47","val48","val49","val50","val51","val52","val53","val54","val55","val56","val57","val58","val59","val60","val61","val62","val63","val64"}},

{0, 0}
};

关键参数说明

1，这是CAPL编程DLL的唯一不同点就是需要配置这个Table，搞定这个，CAPL的DLL编程和一般C++的DLL编程有没什么区别，这里其它参数逗号理解，可能就倒数第二个参数 “参数维度”这个特殊一点，下面举例说明下。

2，Table的数据类型参数简称和CAPL,C++数据类型对照图。

3，实例 - 1 （参数是标量）

当参数是标量时，下面的这个例子，没有返回值，所以函数返回值是“V”，有一个 unsigned long 标量，所以对应的参数类型是“D”，因为是标量，所以维度是0，即“\000”

4，实例 - 2（参数是数组）
这个实例函数没有返回值，返回值参数是“V”；前后有两个参数，第一个是unsigned long 标量，所以对应的参数类型是“D”，因为是标量，所以维度是0，即“\000” ；第二个参数是一维unsigned char数组,所以对应的参数类型是“B”，维度参数是“\001” ；

5，实例 - 3 (参数是引用*)

-在从CAPL dll导出的函数中也可以使用引用参数。因此必须将函数的参数声明为实际数据类型上的指针。之后，从CAPL导出表中表示数据类型的字符中减去128。然后函数接收传递的变量的地址作为参数的值

总结

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• 如上就是这篇博客的内容了，CAPL虽然较为封闭，但是留的编程接口很多，可以C++,C#,.NET,Python等等，如果能够很好的用好DLL编程，可以把你的核心算法或者脚本封装在DLL中，在给客户提供cases是，可以有效保护你的代码安全；而且C++的函数库要比CAPL强大的多。

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