目录
1. 对称三相电源
(1) Y形联结
瞬时值
- u a = 2 U c o s ( ω t ) u_a = \sqrt{2}Ucos(\omega t ) ua=2Ucos(ωt)
- u b = 2 U c o s ( ω t − 120 ° ) u_b = \sqrt{2}Ucos(\omega t- 120°) ub=2Ucos(ωt−120°)
- u c = 2 U c o s ( ω t + 120 ° ) u_c = \sqrt{2}Ucos(\omega t + 120°) uc=2Ucos(ωt+120°)
相电压(相量形式)
- U ˙ A = U ∠ 0 ° \dot{U}_A = U∠0° U˙A=U∠0°
- U ˙ B = U ∠ − 120 ° \dot{U}_B = U∠-120° U˙B=U∠−120°
- U ˙ C = U ∠ 120 ° \dot{U}_C = U∠120° U˙C=U∠120°
U ˙ A + U ˙ B + U ˙ C = 0 \dot{U}_A+\dot{U}_B+\dot{U}_C = 0 U˙A+U˙B+U˙C=0
线电压(相量形式)
- U ˙ A B = 3 U ∠ 30 ° \dot{U}_{AB} = \sqrt{3} U∠30° U˙AB=3U∠30°
- U ˙ B C = 3 U ∠ − 90 ° \dot{U}_{BC} = \sqrt{3} U∠-90° U˙BC=3U∠−90°
- U ˙ C A = 3 U ∠ 150 ° \dot{U}_{CA} = \sqrt{3} U∠150° U˙CA=3U∠150°
(2) 三角形联结
瞬时值
- u a = 2 U c o s ( ω t ) u_a = \sqrt{2}Ucos(\omega t ) ua=2Ucos(ωt)
- u b = 2 U c o s ( ω t − 120 ° ) u_b = \sqrt{2}Ucos(\omega t- 120°) ub=2Ucos(ωt−120°)
- u c = 2 U c o s ( ω t + 120 ° ) u_c = \sqrt{2}Ucos(\omega t + 120°) uc=2Ucos(ωt+120°)
相电压(相量形式)
- U ˙ A = U ∠ 0 ° \dot{U}_A = U∠0° U˙A=U∠0°
- U ˙ B = U ∠ − 120 ° \dot{U}_B = U∠-120° U˙B=U∠−120°
- U ˙ C = U ∠ 120 ° \dot{U}_C = U∠120° U˙C=U∠120°
线电压(相量形式)
- U ˙ A B = U ˙ A = U ∠ 0 ° \dot{U}_{AB} =\dot{U}_A = U∠0° U˙AB=U˙A=U∠0°
- U ˙ B C = U ˙ B = U ∠ − 120 ° \dot{U}_{BC} =\dot{U}_B = U∠-120° U˙BC=U˙B=U∠−120°
- U ˙ C A = U ˙ C = U ∠ 120 ° \dot{U}_{CA} =\dot{U}_C = U∠120° U˙CA=U˙C=U∠120°
(3) 三角形联结→Y形联结
- U ˙ A ′ = 1 3 U ˙ A ∠ − 30 ° \dot{U}_A'= \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}} \dot{U}_A \angle-30° U˙A′=31U˙A∠−30°
- U ˙ B ′ = 1 3 U ˙ B ∠ − 30 ° \dot{U}_B' =\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}} \dot{U}_B \angle-30° U˙B′=31U˙B∠−30°
- U ˙ C ′ = 1 3 U ˙ C ∠ − 30 ° \dot{U}_C' =\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}} \dot{U}_C \angle-30° U˙C′=31U˙C∠−30°
(4) Y形联结→三角形联结
- U ˙ A ′ = 3 U ˙ A ∠ 30 ° \dot{U}_A'= \sqrt{3} \dot{U}_A∠30° U˙A′=3U˙A∠30°
- U ˙ B ′ = 3 U ˙ B ∠ 30 ° \dot{U}_B' =\sqrt{3} \dot{U}_B∠30° U˙B′=3U˙B∠30°
- U ˙ C ′ = 3 U ˙ C ∠ 30 ° \dot{U}_C' =\sqrt{3} \dot{U}_C∠30° U˙C′=3U˙C∠30°
2. 对称三相负载
Z A = Z B = Z C Z_{A} =Z_{B} =Z_{C} ZA=ZB=ZC
(1) Y形联结
(2) 三角形联结
I ˙ A = 3 I ˙ A B ∠ − 30 ° \dot{I}_A = \sqrt{3} \dot{I}_{AB}\angle - 30° I˙A=3I˙AB∠−30°
I ˙ B = 3 I ˙ B C ∠ − 30 ° \dot{I}_B = \sqrt{3} \dot{I}_{BC}\angle - 30° I˙B=3I˙BC∠−30°
I ˙ C = 3 I ˙ C A ∠ − 30 ° \dot{I}_C = \sqrt{3} \dot{I}_{CA}\angle - 30° I˙C=3I˙CA∠−30°
(3) 三角形联结→Y形联结
R ′ = 1 3 R R' = \frac{1}{3}R R′=31R
(4) Y形联结→三角形联结
R ′ = 3 R R' = 3R R′=3R
3. 对称三相电路
三相电路最好转成Y-Y形连接,最好分析
设 N ′ N' N′接地,即 U ˙ N ′ = 0 \dot{U}_N' = 0 U˙N′=0
由结电电压法知
(
1
Z
N
+
3
Z
+
Z
1
)
U
˙
N
=
1
Z
1
+
Z
(
U
˙
A
+
U
˙
B
+
U
˙
C
)
(\frac{1}{Z_N} + \frac{3}{Z+Z_1})\dot{U}_N = \frac{1}{Z_1+Z}(\dot{U}_A +\dot{U}_B+\dot{U}_C)
(ZN1+Z+Z13)U˙N=Z1+Z1(U˙A+U˙B+U˙C)
由于
U
˙
A
+
U
˙
B
+
U
˙
C
\dot{U}_A +\dot{U}_B+\dot{U}_C
U˙A+U˙B+U˙C = 0,则
U
˙
N
=
0
\dot{U}_N = 0
U˙N=0
结论:每一条支路可以单独分析,NN’用一根导线连接。