Unity 有限状态机

http://wiki.unity3d.com/index.php/Finite_State_Machine

枚举：状态切换的条件

public enum Transition
{
    NullTransition = 0, 
}

枚举：状态

public enum StateID
{
    NullStateID = 0, 
}

状态类：所有的状态继承自这个类

public abstract class FSMState
{
//切换条件和状态的映射
    protected Dictionary<Transition, StateID> map = new Dictionary<Transition, StateID>();
    protected StateID stateID;
    public StateID ID { get { return stateID; } }
 
//添加切换条件和状态的映射
    public void AddTransition(Transition trans, StateID id)
    {
        // Check if anyone of the args is invalid
        if (trans == Transition.NullTransition)
        {
            Debug.LogError("FSMState ERROR: NullTransition is not allowed for a real transition");
            return;
        }
 
        if (id == StateID.NullStateID)
        {
            Debug.LogError("FSMState ERROR: NullStateID is not allowed for a real ID");
            return;
        }
 
        // Since this is a Deterministic FSM,
        //   check if the current transition was already inside the map
        if (map.ContainsKey(trans))
        {
            Debug.LogError("FSMState ERROR: State " + stateID.ToString() + " already has transition " + trans.ToString() + 
                           "Impossible to assign to another state");
            return;
        }
 
        map.Add(trans, id);
    }

    public void DeleteTransition(Transition trans)
    {
        // Check for NullTransition
        if (trans == Transition.NullTransition)
        {
            Debug.LogError("FSMState ERROR: NullTransition is not allowed");
            return;
        }
 
        // Check if the pair is inside the map before deleting
        if (map.ContainsKey(trans))
        {
            map.Remove(trans);
            return;
        }
        Debug.LogError("FSMState ERROR: Transition " + trans.ToString() + " passed to " + stateID.ToString() + 
                       " was not on the state's transition list");
    }
 //根据切换条件获取映射
    public StateID GetOutputState(Transition trans)
    {
        // Check if the map has this transition
        if (map.ContainsKey(trans))
        {
            return map[trans];
        }
        return StateID.NullStateID;
    }
 
//进入状态前
    public virtual void DoBeforeEntering() { }
 
//离开状态前
    public virtual void DoBeforeLeaving() { } 
 
    /// <summary>
    /// This method decides if the state should transition to another on its list
    /// NPC is a reference to the object that is controlled by this class
    /// </summary>
    public abstract void Reason(GameObject player, GameObject npc);
 
    /// <summary>
    /// This method controls the behavior of the NPC in the game World.
    /// Every action, movement or communication the NPC does should be placed here
    /// NPC is a reference to the object that is controlled by this class
    /// </summary>
    public abstract void Act(GameObject player, GameObject npc);
 
} // class FSMState 状态类

 

状态机系统类

 

public class FSMSystem
{
    private List<FSMState> states;
 
    // The only way one can change the state of the FSM is by performing a transition
    // Don't change the CurrentState directly
    private StateID currentStateID;
    public StateID CurrentStateID { get { return currentStateID; } }
    private FSMState currentState;
    public FSMState CurrentState { get { return currentState; } }
 
    public FSMSystem()
    {
        states = new List<FSMState>();
    }

    public void AddState(FSMState s)
    {
        // Check for Null reference before deleting
        if (s == null)
        {
            Debug.LogError("FSM ERROR: Null reference is not allowed");
        }
 
        // First State inserted is also the Initial state,
        //   the state the machine is in when the simulation begins
        if (states.Count == 0)
        {
            states.Add(s);
            currentState = s;
            currentStateID = s.ID;
            return;
        }
 
        // Add the state to the List if it's not inside it
        foreach (FSMState state in states)
        {
            if (state.ID == s.ID)
            {
                Debug.LogError("FSM ERROR: Impossible to add state " + s.ID.ToString() + 
                               " because state has already been added");
                return;
            }
        }
        states.Add(s);
    }

    public void DeleteState(StateID id)
    {
        // Check for NullState before deleting
        if (id == StateID.NullStateID)
        {
            Debug.LogError("FSM ERROR: NullStateID is not allowed for a real state");
            return;
        }
 
        // Search the List and delete the state if it's inside it
        foreach (FSMState state in states)
        {
            if (state.ID == id)
            {
                states.Remove(state);
                return;
            }
        }
        Debug.LogError("FSM ERROR: Impossible to delete state " + id.ToString() + 
                       ". It was not on the list of states");
    }
 
    //状态切换，根据切换条件，执行相应的状态的进入和退出操作
    public void PerformTransition(Transition trans)
    {
        // Check for NullTransition before changing the current state
        if (trans == Transition.NullTransition)
        {
            Debug.LogError("FSM ERROR: NullTransition is not allowed for a real transition");
            return;
        }
 
        // Check if the currentState has the transition passed as argument
        StateID id = currentState.GetOutputState(trans);
        if (id == StateID.NullStateID)
        {
            Debug.LogError("FSM ERROR: State " + currentStateID.ToString() +  " does not have a target state " + 
                           " for transition " + trans.ToString());
            return;
        }
 
        // Update the currentStateID and currentState		
        currentStateID = id;
        foreach (FSMState state in states)
        {
            if (state.ID == currentStateID)
            {
                // Do the post processing of the state before setting the new one
                currentState.DoBeforeLeaving();
 
                currentState = state;
 
                // Reset the state to its desired condition before it can reason or act
                currentState.DoBeforeEntering();
                break;
            }
        }
 
    } // PerformTransition()
 
} //class FSMSystem