Merriam-Webster's Vocabulary Builder 学习笔记 Unit 6

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最新推荐文章于 2019-05-22 12:50:45 发布

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Unit 6

[equ-]:"equal"
- equalize
- equivalent：相等的
- equilateral：等边的
- equation：方程式；等式；等同看待；（多种因素的）平衡
- equable：性情温和的；稳定的，变化小的，温差小的
  - (1) Tending to remain calm. (2) Free from harsh changes or extreme variation.
- adequacy：足够；适当
  - Being equal to some need or requirement.
- equilibrium：平衡,均势；(心情、感情等)平静
  - (1) A state in which opposing forces are balanced so that one is not stronger or greater than the other. (2) A state of emotional balance or calmness.
- equinox：二分时刻，昼夜平分日（指春分3.21或秋分9.23）
  - A day when day and night are the same length.
    - solstice：至点，夏至或冬至 6.22/12.22
[quis-]:"to seek or obtain"
- inquiry
- question
- inquisition：盘问；（尤指 15 到 17 世纪天主教的）宗教裁判所，异端审问
  - A questioning or examining that is often harsh or severe.
- perquisite：(工资以外的)财务补贴,额外收入,津贴,奖金,小费；(随职位而得到的)好处,利益,便利,特权,优待
  - (1) A privilege or profit that is provided in addition to one's base salary. (2) Something claimed as an exclusive possession or right.
    - perk：（工资之外的）补贴，津贴，额外待遇
- acquisitive：(对钱财等)渴望得到的; 贪得无厌的
  - Eager to acquire; greedy.
    - acquisitiveness
    - acquire
    - acquisition
- requisition：n,v,征用
  - A demand or request (such as for supplies) made with proper authority.
[ple-/plen-]:"to fill"
- plenty
- complete
- plenary：全体的；充分的
  - (1) Including all who have a right to attend. (2) Complete in all ways.
- complement：补充，补足，使完美；补充物；足额，足数
  - (1) Something that fills up or makes perfect; the amount needed to make something complete. (2) A counterpart.
- deplete：耗尽 de-:"do the opposite of"
  - To reduce in amount by using up.
- replete：充满的
  - Fully or abundantly filled or supplied.
[metr-/meter-]:"measure"
- thermometer：温度计
- perimeter：外缘；周长
- isometric：等距的
- metric：米制的
  - (1) Relating to or based on the metric system. (2) Relating to or arranged in meter.
    - metrical：格律的
- meter：米；韵律
  - (1) The basic metric unit of length, equal to about 39.37 inches. (2) A systematic rhythm in poetry or music.
- odometer：里程表；计程器 hodos:"rode" or "trip"
  - An instrument used to measure distance traveled.
- tachometer：转速表
  - A device used to measure speed of rotation.
    - tachyon：超光速粒子
    - tachycardia：心跳过速
[aud-]:"hearing"
- audible：听得见的
- audience：观众；听众；读者；接见
- auditorium：（剧院或音乐厅的）观众席；会堂，礼堂，音乐厅
- audio：音频的，声音的，听觉的
- auditor：审计员；查账员
  - A person who formally examines and verifies financial accounts.
    - audit：查（账）；审计
- auditory：听觉的；听觉型，听觉器官的
  - (1) Perceived or experienced through hearing. (2) Of or relating to the sense or organs of hearing.
    - acoustic：原声的；（空间的）传声效果，音响效果；声学；声音的，听觉的（乐器，环境）
      - Acoustic means relating to sound or hearing.
    - acoustical：声音的；音响的；听觉的（乐器，环境）
      - related to sound or to the sense of hearing
- audition：n. v. 试镜;让…试演（或试唱、试音）
  - A trial performance to evaluate a performer's skills.
- inaudible：听不见的
  - Not heard or capable of being heard.
[son-]:"sound"
- sonata：奏鸣曲
- sonorous：(声音)深沉响亮的，洪亮的
- sonic：声音的；音速的
  - (1) Having to do with sound. (2) Having to do with the speed of sound in air (about 750 miles per hour).
- dissonant：不和谐的,刺耳的；不调和的,自相矛盾的
  - (1) Clashing or discordant, especially in music. (2) Incompatible or disagreeing.
    - Cognitive dissonance：认知失调理论是费斯汀格在1957年的《认知失调论》一书中提出，只要个人发现到有两个认知彼此不能调和一致时，就会感觉到心理冲突。因冲突而引起的紧张不安，转而形成一种内在动机作用，促使个人放弃或改变认知之一，而迁就另一认知，借以消除冲突，恢复调和一致的心态。
- resonance：共鸣；回响；共振；嘹亮，洪亮
  - (1) A continuing or echoing of sound. (2) A richness and variety in the depth and quality of sound.
    - resonate：共鸣；共振
    - resonant
- ultrasonic：超声波；(声波)超声的
  - Having a frequency higher than what can be heard by the human ear.
    - ultrasound：超声波
    - ultrasonography：超声波检查法,超声波扫描术
    - sonogram：声波图
    - sonar：声呐
[err-]:"to wander" or "to stray"
- error
- erratum：（印刷或书写中的）错误；排错；勘误表
- errata：勘误表
- errant：周游的；迷路的；偏离正路的
  - (1) Wandering or moving about aimlessly. (2) Straying outside proper bounds, or away from an accepted pattern or standard.
    - arrant：极恶的；声名狼藉的（errant 拼写变体，词义贬义化）
- aberrant：反常的
  - Straying or differing from the right, normal, or natural type.
- erratic：不规则的；不确定的；不稳定的
  - (1) Having no fixed course. (2) Lacking in consistency.
- erroneous：〈正〉错误的, 不正确的
  - Mistaken, incorrect.
[ced-]:"to proceed" or "to yield"
- proceed：
  - ~ (with sth) to continue doing sth that has already been started; to continue being done 继续做（或从事、进行）
  - ~ to do sth to do sth next, after having done sth else first 接着做；继而做
  - + adv./prep. (formal) to move or travel in a particular direction 行进；前往
- recede：后退，远离；减弱
- procession：队列，行列；列队行进
- recession：经济衰退
- cede：让给, 割让;放弃，让出
  - To give up, especially by treaty; yield.
- concede：(勉强)承认；（尤指勉强地）让与，让步，屈从
  - To admit grudgingly; yield.
    - concession：承认；让步
- accede：同意（请求、建议等，被动的）
  - (1)：To give in to a request or demand. (2) To give approval or consent.
- precedent：范例；先例
  - Something done or said that may be an example or rule to guide later acts of a similar kind.
    - precede：在 … 之前发生（或出现），先于；在…前面
Words from Mythology and History
- Augean stable：奥吉斯国王的牛舍
  - A condition or place marked by great accumulation of filth or corruption.
- Croesus：大富豪
  - A very rich person.
- Hades：冥王：（希腊神话中的）冥府，阴间
  - The underground home of the dead in Greek mythology.
- lethargic：慵懒的；没精打采的
  - (1) Lazily sluggish. (2) Indifferent or apathetic.
- Midas touch：点石成金
  - The talent for making money in every venture.
- Pyrrhic victory：惨胜
  - A victory won at excessive cost.
- Stygian：阴暗的，幽暗的，阴森森的
  - Extremely dark, dank, gloomy, and forbidding.