Merriam-Webster's Vocabulary Builder 学习笔记 Unit 10

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于 2019-05-22 12:50:45 发布

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Unit 10

2019.5.22

[put-]:"to think,consider,or believe"
- reputation
- reputed：据说
  - Believed to be a certain way by popular opinion.
- disrepute：丧失名誉；蒙羞
  - Loss or lack of good reputation; disgrace.
- impute：归罪于，归咎于
  - To attribute.
- putative：推定的
  - Generally supposed; assumed to exist.
[log-]:"word,speech,reason"
- biology
- dialogue
- epilogue
- physiology：生理学
  - (1) A branch of biology dealing with the processes and activities by which living things, tissues, and cells function. (2) The life processes and activities of a living thing or any of its parts.
- methodology ：方法论
  - A set of methods or rules followed in a science or field.
- ideology：意识形态，思想体系
  - The set of ideas and beliefs of a group or political party.
    - ideologue：思想家
- cardiology：心脏病学
  - The study of the heart and its action and diseases.
    - cardiologist
    - cardiogram：心电图
    - cardiograph：心电图；[内科] 心动描记器
[terr-]:"earth"
- territory
- terrace：梯田
- parterre：花坛；花圃；正厅后座
  - (1) A decorative garden with paths between the beds of plants. (2) The back area of the ground floor of a theater, often under the balcony.
- subterranean：地下的
  - Underground.
- terrarium：生物育养箱
  - An enclosure, usually transparent, with a layer of dirt in the bottom in which plants and sometimes small animals are kept indoors.
- terrestrial：地球上的，陆栖的
  - (1) Having to do with Earth or its inhabitants. (2) Living or growing on land instead of in water or air.
[mar-]:"sea"
- submarine
- marine
- marina：小船坞，游艇停靠区
  - A dock or harbor where pleasure boats can be moored securely, often with facilities offering supplies or repairs.
- aquamarine：海蓝宝石；海蓝色的
  - (1) A transparent blue or blue-green gem. (2) A pale blue or greenish blue that is the color of clear seawater in sunlight.
- mariner：海员；水手
  - A seaman or sailor.
- maritime：海事的，海运的
  - (1) Bordering on or having to do with the sea. (2) Having to do with navigation or commerce on the sea.
[path-]:"feeling" or "suffering "
- pathetic
- Pathos：（情形、电影、戏剧等中的）引人怜悯的特质，感伤力
  - (1) An element in life or drama that produces sympathetic pity. (2) An emotion of sympathetic pity.
- apathetic：无感情的，冷淡的；无兴趣的，无动于衷的
  - (1) Showing or feeling little or no emotion. (2) Having no interest.
- empathy：同感；同情；共鸣
  - The feeling of, or the ability to feel, the emotions and sensations of another.
- telepathic：有心灵感应的
  - Involving apparent communication from one mind to another without speech or signs.
[pen/pun-]:"penalties" ,"to punish"
- penality
- punishment
- penal：处罚的；刑罚的. （机构或地区）关押服刑人员的
  - Having to do with punishment or penalties, or institutions where punishment is given.
- impunity：(做坏事却)不受惩罚地
  - Freedom from punishment, harm, or loss.
- penance：悔罪，赎罪
  - An act of self-punishment or religious devotion to show sorrow or regret for sin or wrongdoing.
- punitive：惩罚的，刑罚的
  - Giving, involving, or aiming at punishment.
[matr-/mater-]:"mother"
- matron：中年妇女，女舍监，女护士长
- matrimony：婚姻
- maternity：母亲身份
  - The state of being a mother; motherhood.
- matriarch：女家长
  - A woman who controls a family, group, or government.
- matrilineal：母系的
  - Based on or tracing the family through the mother.
- matrix ：发源地 [正式]；矩阵
  - (1) Something (such as a situation or a set of conditions) in which something else develops or forms. (2) Something shaped like a pattern of lines and spaces.
[aqu-]:"water"
- aquarium：养鱼缸，水族馆
- aquatic：水生的；水栖的
- aquavit：阿瓜维特酒; 产自于斯堪的纳维亚国家的一种用谷物或者土豆为原料酿造的酒，用香料尤其是葛缕子来调味
- aquaculture：水产养殖
  - The farming of plants and animals (such as kelp, fish, and shellfish) that live in the water.
- aquanaut：海底观察员；海底实验室工作人员
  - A scuba diver who lives and works both inside and outside an underwater shelter for an extended time.
- aqueduct：导水管；高架渠
  - (1) A pipe or channel for water. (2) A bridgelike structure for carrying water over a valley.
- aquifer：含水层
  - A layer of rock, sand, or gravel that can absorb and hold water.
Words from Mythology
- cereal：谷类植物, 谷物；谷类食物, 麦片粥
  - (1) A plant that produces grain that can be eaten as food, or the grain it produces. (2) The food made from grain.
- Junoesque：高贵优美的
  - Having mature, poised, and dignified beauty.
- martial：战争的；军事的
  - Having to do with war and military life.
- Promethean：不畏权势的，勇于开创的
  - New or creative in a daring way.
- Sisyphean：永远做不完的，徒劳的（推石头上山）
  - Endless and difficult, involving many disappointments.
- titanic：巨大的 <希神>提坦的
  - Having great size, strength, or power; colossal.
- Triton：〈希神〉人身鱼尾的海神；核]氚核
  - (1) A being with a human upper body and the lower body of a fish; a merman. (2) Any of various large mollusks with a heavy, conical shell.
- vulcanize：硫化
  - To treat crude or synthetic rubber or plastic so that it becomes elastic and strong and resists decay.