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最新推荐文章于 2024-09-16 13:46:43 发布

一只图像处理萌新

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-16 13:46:43 发布

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分类专栏：图像处理基础文章标签： python 图像处理

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_37631708/article/details/122382370

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本文探讨了利用图像信号的互独立性进行噪声减除的方法，通过方差衡量噪声强度，并介绍了一种基于哈莫密特变换的非线性信号处理技术，用于通过线性操作处理信号。博客详细讲解了如何使用对数变换和哈莫密特变换进行信号处理，以及如何通过`homomorphic_filter`函数实现这一过程。

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One

As picture signal and Additive white noise are discrete random variables: $X 、 Y$ , picture can be show by ： $f (X) + g (Y)$

$\because$ $X, Y$ are mutually independent. Then $E (Y) = 0$

$\because$

$D(X)=E(X^2)-E(X)^2$

$E (X Y) = E (X) E (Y)$

$D (X + Y) = D (X) + D (Y)$

$E (X Y) = E (X) E (Y)$

$\therefore$

$D (X + Y) = D (Y)$

So If you are new to noise reduction modules, you can try using this component to measure the fluctuation of the noise you are removing. It’s not hard to see that the bigger the variance, the louder the noise.

Further, we need to know about homomorphic transformations.

what is homomorphic transformations?

Homomorphic transformation generally refers to the nonlinear combination signal through some transformation, so that it can be more convenient to use linear operation to process the signal. If you want to learn more, check out this blog post.https://blog.csdn.net/edogawachia/article/details/79368882

To describe it mathematically:

$f (x) g (x)$ -> $e^{log(f(x)g(x))}$ -> $e^{logf(x)+logg(x)}$

If you want to know how to use it, this blog can give you answer. https://blog.csdn.net/wang_xinyu/article/details/111232266?spm=1001.2101.3001.6650.2&utm_medium=distribute.pc_relevant.none-task-blog-2%7Edefault%7ECTRLIST%7Edefault-2.pc_relevant_paycolumn_v2&depth_1-utm_source=distribute.pc_relevant.none-task-blog-2%7Edefault%7ECTRLIST%7Edefault-2.pc_relevant_paycolumn_v2&utm_relevant_index=5

code :

import cv2
import numpy as np


def homomorphic_filter(src, d0=10, rl=0.5, rh=2.0, c=4, h=2.0, l=0.5):
    gray = src.copy()
    if len(src.shape) > 2:
        gray = cv2.cvtColor(src, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)  # 转换成灰度图像

    gray = np.log(1e-5 + gray)  # 取对数

    rows, cols = gray.shape
    gray_fft = np.fft.fft2(gray)  # FFT傅里叶变换
    gray_fftshift = np.fft.fftshift(gray_fft)  # FFT中心化

    M, N = np.meshgrid(np.arange(-cols // 2, cols // 2), np.arange(-rows // 2, rows // 2))
    D = np.sqrt(M ** 2 + N ** 2)  # 计算距离
    Z = (rh - rl) * (1 - np.exp(-c * (D ** 2 / d0 ** 2))) + rl  # H(u,v)传输函数

    dst_fftshift = Z * gray_fftshift
    dst_fftshift = (h - l) * dst_fftshift + l
    dst_ifftshift = np.fft.ifftshift(dst_fftshift)

    dst_ifft = np.fft.ifft2(dst_ifftshift)  # IFFT逆傅里叶变换
    dst = np.real(dst_ifft)  # IFFT取实部

    dst = np.exp(dst) - 1  # 还原
    dst = np.uint8(np.clip(dst, 0, 255))
    return dst


img = cv2.imread('hf1.jpg')
img_new = homomorphic_filter(img)

cv2.imshow("img", img)
cv2.imshow("img_new", img_new)
cv2.imwrite("img_new1.jpg", img_new)

key = cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()