C++学习笔记——友元

引入友元的目的：让一个函数或类访问另一类中私有成员

友元关键字：friend

友元有三种实现方式：

（1）全局函数做友元

（2）类做友元

（3）成员函数做友元

全局函数做友元

class Building
{
	//告诉编译器goodGay全局函数是Building好朋友，可以访问Building中私有成员
	friend void goodGay(Building &building);
public:
	Building()
	{
		m_SittingRoom = "客厅";
		m_BedRoom = "卧室";
	}

public:
	string m_SittingRoom;//客厅
private:
	string m_BedRoom;//卧室
};
//全局函数
void goodGay(Building &building)
{
	cout << "好基友全局函数 正在访问：" << building.m_SittingRoom << endl;

	cout << "好基友全局函数 正在访问：" << building.m_BedRoom << endl;
}
void test01()
{
	Building building;
	goodGay(building);
}

int main()
{
	test01();
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

类做友元

class Building
{
	//GoodGay类是本类的好朋友，可以访问私有成员
	friend class GoodGay;
public:
	Building();
public:
	string m_SittingRoom;//客厅
private:
	string m_BedRoom;//卧室
};
//类外写成员函数
Building::Building()
{
	m_SittingRoom = "客厅";
	m_BedRoom = "卧室";
}
class GoodGay
{
public:
	GoodGay();
	void visit();//参观函数，访问Building中的属性
	Building *building;
private:

}
GoodGay::GoodGay()
{
	//创建建筑物对象
	building = new Building;
} 

void test01()
{
	GoodGay gg;
	gg.visit();
}
void GoodGay::visit()
{
	cout << "好基友类正在访问：" << building->m_SittingRoom << endl;
	cout << "好基友类正在访问：" << building->m_BedRoom << endl;
} 
int main()
{
	test01();
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

成员函数做友元

class Building;
class GoodGay
{
public:
	GoodGay();
	void visit();//让visit函数可以访问Building中私有成员
	void visit2();//visit2函数不可以访问Building中私有成员

	Building *building;
private:
};
class Building
{
	//告诉编译器GoodGay类下的visit成员函数作为本类的好朋友，可以访问私有成员
	friend void GoodGay::visit();
public:
	Building();
public:
	string m_SittingRoom;//客厅
private:
	string m_BedRoom;//卧室
};
//类外写成员函数
Building::Building()
{
	m_SittingRoom = "客厅";
	m_BedRoom = "卧室";
}
GoodGay::GoodGay()
{
	//创建建筑物对象
	building = new Building;
}
void GoodGay::visit()
{
	cout << "visit()正在访问：" << building->m_SittingRoom << endl;
	cout << "visit()正在访问：" << building->m_BedRoom << endl;
}
void GoodGay::visit2()
{
	cout << "visit2()正在访问：" << building->m_SittingRoom << endl;
	//cout << "visit2()正在访问：" << building->m_BedRoom << endl;//不是友元不可以访问
}
void test01()
{
	GoodGay gg;
	gg.visit();
	gg.visit2();
}
int main()
{
	test01();
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}