使用逻辑回归进行肿瘤预测

数据集

https://archive.ics.uci.edu/ml/machine-learning-databases/breast-cancer-wisconsin

下载.data文件即可

数据描述

（1）699条样本，共11列数据，第一列用语检索的id，后9列分别是与肿瘤

相关的医学特征，最后一列表示肿瘤类型的数值。

（2）包含16个缺失值，用”?”标出。

导入相关的包

import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
from sklearn.preprocessing import MinMaxScaler
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
from sklearn.linear_model import LogisticRegression
from sklearn.metrics import mean_squared_error
import ssl
ssl.create_default_context = ssl._create_unverified_context

数据处理

数据读取

cancer = pd.read_csv("data/BreastCancer/breast-cancer-wisconsin.data")
names = ['Sample code number', 'Clump Thickness', 'Uniformity of Cell Size', 'Uniformity of Cell Shape',
                   'Marginal Adhesion', 'Single Epithelial Cell Size', 'Bare Nuclei', 'Bland Chromatin',
                   'Normal Nucleoli', 'Mitoses', 'Class']
cancer.columns = names

缺失值处理

# 由于699个样本中只有16个缺失值，选择删除
cancer = cancer.replace(to_replace='?',value=np.nan)
cancer = cancer.dropna()

划分数据集

feature_data = cancer[['Clump Thickness', 'Uniformity of Cell Size', 'Uniformity of Cell Shape',
                   'Marginal Adhesion', 'Single Epithelial Cell Size', 'Bare Nuclei', 'Bland Chromatin',
                   'Normal Nucleoli', 'Mitoses']] # cancer.iloc[:,1:-1] 获取所有行，从第一列至倒数第二列
target = cancer['Class']
x_train,x_test,y_train,y_test = train_test_split(feature_data,target,test_size = 0.25,random_state = 22)

特征工程

#  实例化
transfer = MinMaxScaler(feature_range=(2,4))
#  调用fit_transform
x_train = transfer.fit_transform(x_train)
x_test = transfer.fit_transform(x_test)

机器学习

estimator = LogisticRegression(solver='lbfgs')
estimator.fit(x_train,y_train)

模型评估

y_pre = estimator.predict(x_test)
print(estimator.score(x_test,y_test))
print(mean_squared_error(y_test,y_pre))

但是我们光看准确率还是远远不够的，比如以这个癌症举例子！！！我们并不关注预测的准确率，而是关注在所有的样本当中，癌症患者有没有被全部预测（检测）出来。