Opencv3.2之简单项目：边缘检测、轮廓查找、轮廓筛选、绘制最小外接矩、尺寸测量和尺寸标注

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1.边缘检测、轮廓查找、轮廓筛选、绘制最小外接矩、尺寸测量和标注尺寸，代码如下： 

//开发环境：VS2015+OPENCV3.2

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <math.h>

using namespace cv;
using namespace std;

#define  PHY_LEN   72.0      //参照物较长边边长的物理长度

//文本绘制
void PaintText(Mat& img, char* text, Point origin)
{
	int fontface = CV_FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX;   //字体
	double fontscale = 0.5;                   //尺寸因子，值越大文字越大
	Scalar textcolor = Scalar(0, 0, 255);    //文本颜色
	int thickness = 2;  //线宽
	int linetype = 8;   //线型

						//int baseline;

						获取文本框的长宽
						//Size text_size = getTextSize(text, fontface, fontscale, thickness, &baseline);

	putText(img, text, origin, fontface, fontscale, textcolor, thickness, linetype);
}

void fineMinAreaRect(Mat &threshold_output, Mat &src)
{
	bool flag = false;   //查找比例尺标志
	double  pp = 0.0;    //比例因子：每像素代表的实际物理尺寸        

	vector<vector<Point>> contours;
	vector<Vec4i> hierarchy;
	//寻找轮廓，输入必须为二值图像
	findContours(threshold_output, contours, hierarchy, CV_RETR_EXTERNAL, CV_CHAIN_APPROX_NONE, Point(0, 0)); //CV_CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE

																											  //第一轮筛选：移除过短的轮廓  
	int cmin = 100; //最小轮廓长度  
	int cmax = 5000; //最大轮廓长度
	vector<vector<Point>>::const_iterator itc = contours.begin();
	while (itc != contours.end())
	{
		if (itc->size() < cmin || itc->size() > cmax)
			itc = contours.erase(itc);
		else
			++itc;
	}

	//第二轮筛选：剔除面积小于指定阈值的轮廓
	//计算轮廓的面积  
	for (int i = 0; i < (int)contours.size(); i++)
	{
		double g_dConArea = fabs(contourArea(contours[i], true));
		cout << "轮廓面积： " << g_dConArea << endl;
	}

	//剔除小面积轮廓
	//vector <vector<Point>>::const_iterator itc = contours.begin();
	itc = contours.begin();
	for (; itc != contours.end();)
	{
		double g_dConArea = contourArea(*itc);
		if (g_dConArea < 200)
		{
			itc = contours.erase(itc);
		}
		else
		{
			++itc;
		}
	}

	//对每个找到的轮廓创建可倾斜的边界框
	vector<RotatedRect> minRect(contours.size());
	for (int i = 0; i < contours.size(); i++)
	{
		minRect[i] = minAreaRect(Mat(contours[i]));
	}

	//绘出轮廓及其可倾斜的边界框
	//Mat drawing = Mat::zeros(threshold_output.size(), CV_8UC3);

	//先遍历寻找参照物，计算出比例因子
	for (int i = 0; i < contours.size(); i++)
	{
		Point2f rect_points[4];
		minRect[i].points(rect_points);

		//寻找比例尺，四顶点均位于左半图
		if (!flag && rect_points[0].x < src.cols / 2 && rect_points[1].x <