Find a multiple(鸽巢定理)

这道编程题目要求从给定的不超过15000的自然数中选择一些,使得它们的和能被数量N整除。输入包含N个数,需要找到一个解决方案,若存在则输出选中的数,否则输出0。示例输入和输出展示了如何通过遍历和检查余数来解决这个问题。
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Find a multiple

The input contains N natural (i.e. positive integer) numbers ( N <= 10000 ). Each of that numbers is not greater than 15000. This numbers are not necessarily different (so it may happen that two or more of them will be equal). Your task is to choose a few of given numbers ( 1 <= few <= N ) so that the sum of chosen numbers is multiple for N (i.e. N * k = (sum of chosen numbers) for some natural number k).
Input
The first line of the input contains the single number N. Each of next N lines contains one number from the given set.
Output
In case your program decides that the target set of numbers can not be found it should print to the output the single number 0. Otherwise it should print the number of the chosen numbers in the first line followed by the chosen numbers themselves (on a separate line each) in arbitrary order.

If there are more than one set of numbers with required properties you should print to the output only one (preferably your favorite) of them.
Sample Input
5
1
2
3
4
1
Sample Output
2
2
3

这道题的思路就是遍历求出每个和的对n求余,如果为0,即输出从1到i,如果余值重复,即输出两个重复之间的值(l需要+1);
ac代码:

#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#include<map>
#include<string.h>
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