文章目录
【 1. Sa函数】
S a ( x ) = sin ( x ) x Sa(x)=\frac{\sin(x)}{ x} Sa(x)=xsin(x)
- 也称为 抽样函数 。
- 傅里叶变换
π [ u ( w + 1 ) − u ( w − 1 ) ] \pi [u(w+1)-u(w-1)] π[u(w+1)−u(w−1)] - 积分性质
∫ 0 ∞ S a ( t ) d t = π 2 \int_{0}^{\infty}Sa\left(t\right)dt=\dfrac{\pi}{2} ∫0∞Sa(t)dt=2π, ∫ − ∞ + ∞ S a ( t ) d t = π \int_{-\infty}^{+\infty}S a\left(t\right)dt=\pi ∫−∞+∞Sa(t)dt=π - 是一个 偶函数 。
【 2. sinc函数 】
s i n c ( x ) = sin ( π x ) π x sinc (x)=\frac{\sin(\pi x)}{\pi x} sinc(x)=πxsin(πx)
- 也称为 辛格函数 。
- 傅里叶变换
u ( w + 1 π ) − u ( w − 1 π ) u(\frac{w+1}{\pi})-u(\frac{w-1}{\pi}) u(πw+1)−u(πw−1)
【 3. 两者的关系 】
s i n c ( x ) = S a ( π x ) sinc(x)=Sa(\pi x) sinc(x)=Sa(πx)
【 4. 傅里叶变换分析 】
4.1 矩形窗的傅里叶变换
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g_\tau(t)=rect(t)=\begin{cases}1,&\mid t\mid<\dfrac\tau2\\[2ex]0,&\mid t\mid>\dfrac\tau2\end{cases}
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⎧1,0,∣t∣<2τ∣t∣>2τ
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F(\text{j}\omega)=\int_{-\tau/2}^{\tau/2}\mathrm{e}^{-j\omega t}\mathrm{d}t=\frac{\mathrm{e}^{-j\omega\frac{\tau}{2}}-\mathrm{e}^{j\omega\frac{\tau}{2}}}{-j\omega}=\frac{\sin(\frac{\omega \tau}{2})}{\frac{w}{2}}=\tau Sa(\frac{\omega \tau}{2})
F(jω)=∫−τ/2τ/2e−jωtdt=−jωe−jω2τ−ejω2τ=2wsin(2ωτ)=τSa(2ωτ)
4.2 Sa 函数的傅里叶变换
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Sa(t)=\frac{sint}{t}
Sa(t)=tsint
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F(\text{j}\omega)=\pi [u(w+1)-u(w-1)]=\begin{cases}{\pi}&{\left|\omega\right|<1}\\ {0}&{\left|\omega\right|>1}\end{cases}
F(jω)=π[u(w+1)−u(w−1)]={π0∣ω∣<1∣ω∣>1
4.3 Sinc 函数的傅里叶变换
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sinc(t)=\frac{\sin(\pi t)}{\pi t}
sinc(t)=πtsin(πt)
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F(\text{j}\omega)=u(\frac{w+1}{\pi})-u(\frac{w-1}{\pi})=\begin{cases}{1}&{\left|\omega\right|<1}\\ {0}&{\left|\omega\right|>1}\end{cases}
F(jω)=u(πw+1)−u(πw−1)={10∣ω∣<1∣ω∣>1
4.4 Bsinc(Bt) 的傅里叶变换
- 傅里叶变换的尺度变换性质:
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f(at)\xrightleftharpoons[]{} \frac{1}{|a|}F(j\frac{w}{a})
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B s i n c ( B t ) = B sin ( π B t ) π B t = sin ( π B t ) π t Bsinc(Bt)=B \frac{\sin(\pi Bt)}{\pi Bt}=\frac{\sin(\pi Bt)}{\pi t} Bsinc(Bt)=BπBtsin(πBt)=πtsin(πBt)
F ( j w ) = r e c t ( f B ) = { 1 ∣ f ∣ < B 2 0 ∣ f ∣ > B 2 F(jw)=\mathrm{rect}\Big(\frac{f}{B}\Big)=\begin{cases}{1}&{\left|f\right|<\frac{B}{2}}\\ {0}&{\left|f\right|>\frac{B}{2}}\end{cases} F(jw)=rect(Bf)={10∣f∣<2B∣f∣>2B
4.5 B s i n c [ B ( t − τ m ) ] Bsinc[B(t-τ_m)] Bsinc[B(t−τm)] 的傅里叶变换
- 雷达回波基带信号脉压匹配滤波器的输出一般为 r p c ( t ^ , t m ) = B s i n c [ B ( t − τ m ) ] ⋅ e x p ( − j 2 π f 0 τ m ) r_{pc}(\widehat{t},t_m)=Bsinc[B(t-τ_m)]·exp(-j2\pi f_0 \tau _m) rpc(t ,tm)=Bsinc[B(t−τm)]⋅exp(−j2πf0τm),故对其包络 B s i n c [ B ( t − τ m ) ] Bsinc[B(t-τ_m)] Bsinc[B(t−τm)] 的傅里叶变换分析非常必要。
- 傅里叶变换的时移性质:
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f(t±t_0)\xrightleftharpoons[]{} e^{±jwt_0}F(jw)
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B s i n c [ B ( t − τ m ) ] Bsinc[B(t-τ_m)] Bsinc[B(t−τm)]
F ( j w ) = e − j w τ m r e c t ( f B ) F(jw)=e^{-jw\tau_m} \mathrm{rect}\Big(\frac{f}{B}\Big) F(jw)=e−jwτmrect(Bf)