pytorch梯度裁剪

梯度裁剪的作用

防止梯度爆炸。对网络所有参数求范数，和最大梯度阈值相比，如果clip_coef<1，范数大于阈值，则所有梯度值乘以系数。

pytorch对应代码

torch.nn.utils.clip_grad_norm_(parameters, max_norm, norm_type=2)

def clip_grad_norm_(parameters, max_norm, norm_type=2):
    r"""Clips gradient norm of an iterable of parameters.
    The norm is computed over all gradients together, as if they were
    concatenated into a single vector. Gradients are modified in-place.
    Arguments:
        parameters (Iterable[Tensor] or Tensor): an iterable of Tensors or a
            single Tensor that will have gradients normalized
        max_norm (float or int): max norm of the gradients
        norm_type (float or int): type of the used p-norm. Can be ``'inf'`` for
            infinity norm.
    Returns:
        Total norm of the parameters (viewed as a single vector).
    """
    if isinstance(parameters, torch.Tensor):
        parameters = [parameters]
    #第一步
    parameters = list(filter(lambda p: p.grad is not None, parameters))
    max_norm = float(max_norm)
    norm_type = float(norm_type)
    if norm_type == inf:
        total_norm = max(p.grad.data.abs().max() for p in parameters)
    else:
        total_norm = 0
        for p in parameters:
        	#第二步
            param_norm = p.grad.data.norm(norm_type)
            #第三步
            total_norm += param_norm.item() ** norm_type
        total_norm = total_norm ** (1. / norm_type)
    clip_coef = max_norm / (total_norm + 1e-6)
    if clip_coef < 1:
        for p in parameters:
            p.grad.data.mul_(clip_coef)
    return total_norm