OpenCV+Python图像梯度计算

图像梯度-Sobel算子

读入图像：

img = cv2.imread('D:\\Desktop\\opencv\\circle.jpg',cv2.IMREAD_GRAYSCALE)
cv2.imshow("img",img)
cv2.waitKey()
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

dst = cv2.Sobel(src, ddepth, dx, dy, ksize)

• ddepth:图像的深度
• dx和dy分别表示水平和竖直方向
• ksize是Sobel算子的大小

#定义一个显示函数
def cv_show(img,name):
    cv2.imshow(name,img)
    cv2.waitKey()
    cv2.destroyAllWindows()

横向取轮廓：

sobelx = cv2.Sobel(img,cv2.CV_64F,1,0,ksize=3)
sobelx = cv2.convertScaleAbs(sobelx)
cv_show(sobelx,'sobelx')

纵向取轮廓：

sobely = cv2.Sobel(img,cv2.CV_64F,0,1,ksize=3)
sobely = cv2.convertScaleAbs(sobely)  
cv_show(sobely,'sobely')

建议处理方式为分别计算x和y，再求和（轮廓较为清晰）

sobelxy = cv2.addWeighted(sobelx,0.5,sobely,0.5,0)
cv_show(sobelxy,'sobelxy')

不建议直接计算（轮廓较为模糊）

sobelxy=cv2.Sobel(img,cv2.CV_64F,1,1,ksize=3)
sobelxy = cv2.convertScaleAbs(sobelxy) 
cv_show(sobelxy,'sobelxy')

示例2：

原图：

img = cv2.imread('D:\\Desktop\\opencv\\girl.jpg',cv2.IMREAD_GRAYSCALE)
cv_show(img,'img')

轮廓图：

img = cv2.imread('D:\\Desktop\\opencv\\girl.jpg',cv2.IMREAD_GRAYSCALE)
sobelx = cv2.Sobel(img,cv2.CV_64F,1,0,ksize=3)
sobelx = cv2.convertScaleAbs(sobelx)
sobely = cv2.Sobel(img,cv2.CV_64F,0,1,ksize=3)
sobely = cv2.convertScaleAbs(sobely)
sobelxy = cv2.addWeighted(sobelx,0.5,sobely,0.5,0)
cv_show(sobelxy,'sobelxy')

图像梯度-Scharr算子

图像梯度-laplacian算子

不同算子的差异

#不同算子的差异
img = cv2.imread('D:\\Desktop\\opencv\\girl.jpg',cv2.IMREAD_GRAYSCALE)
sobelx = cv2.Sobel(img,cv2.CV_64F,1,0,ksize=3)
sobely = cv2.Sobel(img,cv2.CV_64F,0,1,ksize=3)
sobelx = cv2.convertScaleAbs(sobelx)   
sobely = cv2.convertScaleAbs(sobely)  
sobelxy =  cv2.addWeighted(sobelx,0.5,sobely,0.5,0)  

scharrx = cv2.Scharr(img,cv2.CV_64F,1,0)
scharry = cv2.Scharr(img,cv2.CV_64F,0,1)
scharrx = cv2.convertScaleAbs(scharrx)   
scharry = cv2.convertScaleAbs(scharry)  
scharrxy =  cv2.addWeighted(scharrx,0.5,scharry,0.5,0) 

laplacian = cv2.Laplacian(img,cv2.CV_64F)
laplacian = cv2.convertScaleAbs(laplacian)   

res = np.vstack((sobelxy,scharrxy,laplacian))
cv_show(res,'res')

效果展示：Soble算子、Scharr算子、laplacian算子