完整模型验证套路

1. gpu训练30轮次

import torchvision
import torch
from torch import nn
from torch.utils.data import DataLoader
from torch.utils.tensorboard import SummaryWriter
import time

# 定义训练的设备
#device = torch.device("cpu")
device = torch.device("cuda")   # 使用 GPU 方式一 
#device = torch.device("cuda:0") # 使用 GPU 方式二
#device = torch.device("cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu")

# from model import * 相当于把 model中的所有内容写到这里，这里直接把 model 写在这里
class Tudui(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self):
        super(Tudui, self).__init__()        
        self.model1 = nn.Sequential(
            nn.Conv2d(3,32,5,1,2),  # 输入通道3，输出通道32，卷积核尺寸5×5，步长1，填充2    
            nn.MaxPool2d(2),
            nn.Conv2d(32,32,5,1,2),
            nn.MaxPool2d(2),
            nn.Conv2d(32,64,5,1,2),
            nn.MaxPool2d(2),
            nn.Flatten(),  # 展平后变成 64*4*4 了
            nn.Linear(64*4*4,64),
            nn.Linear(64,10)
        )
        
    def forward(self, x):
        x = self.model1(x)
        return x

# 准备数据集
train_data = torchvision.datasets.CIFAR10("./dataset",train=True,transform=torchvision.transforms.ToTensor(),download=True)       
test_data = torchvision.datasets.CIFAR10("./dataset",train=False,transform=torchvision.transforms.ToTensor(),download=True)       

# length 长度
train_data_size = len(train_data)
test_data_size = len(test_data)
# 如果train_data_size=10，则打印：训练数据集的长度为：10
print("训练数据集的长度：{}".format(train_data_size))
print("测试数据集的长度：{}".format(test_data_size))

# 利用 Dataloader 来加载数据集
train_dataloader = DataLoader(train_data, batch_size=64)        
test_dataloader = DataLoader(test_data, batch_size=64)

# 创建网络模型
tudui = Tudui() 
tudui = tudui.to(device) # 也可以不赋值，直接 tudui.to(device) 


# 损失函数
loss_fn = nn.CrossEntropyLoss() # 交叉熵，fn 是 fuction 的缩写
loss_fn = loss_fn.to(device) # 也可以不赋值，直接loss_fn.to(device)

# 优化器
learning = 0.01  # 1e-2 就是 0.01 的意思
optimizer = torch.optim.SGD(tudui.parameters(),learning)   # 随机梯度下降优化器  

# 设置网络的一些参数
# 记录训练的次数
total_train_step = 0
# 记录测试的次数
total_test_step = 0

# 训练的轮次
epoch = 30

# 添加 tensorboard
writer = SummaryWriter("logs")
start_time = time.time()

for i in range(epoch):
    print("-----第 {} 轮训练开始-----".format(i+1))
    
    # 训练步骤开始
    tudui.train() # 当网络中有dropout层、batchnorm层时，这些层能起作用
    for data in train_dataloader:
        imgs, targets = data            
        imgs = imgs.to(device) # 也可以不赋值，直接 imgs.to(device)
        targets = targets.to(device) # 也可以不赋值，直接 targets.to(device)
        outputs = tudui(imgs)
        loss = loss_fn(outputs, targets) # 计算实际输出与目标输出的差距
        
        # 优化器对模型调优
        optimizer.zero_grad()  # 梯度清零
        loss.backward() # 反向传播，计算损失函数的梯度
        optimizer.step()   # 根据梯度，对网络的参数进行调优
        
        total_train_step = total_train_step + 1
        if total_train_step % 100 == 0:
            end_time = time.time()
            print(end_time - start_time) # 运行训练一百次后的时间间隔
            print("训练次数：{}，Loss：{}".format(total_train_step,loss.item()))  # 方式二：获得loss值
            writer.add_scalar("train_loss",loss.item(),total_train_step)
    
    # 测试步骤开始（每一轮训练后都查看在测试数据集上的loss情况）
    tudui.eval()  # 当网络中有dropout层、batchnorm层时，这些层不能起作用
    total_test_loss = 0
    total_accuracy = 0
    with torch.no_grad():  # 没有梯度了
        for data in test_dataloader: # 测试数据集提取数据
            imgs, targets = data # 数据放到cuda上
            imgs = imgs.to(device) # 也可以不赋值，直接 imgs.to(device)
            targets = targets.to(device) # 也可以不赋值，直接 targets.to(device)
            outputs = tudui(imgs)
            loss = loss_fn(outputs, targets) # 仅data数据在网络模型上的损失
            total_test_loss = total_test_loss + loss.item() # 所有loss
            accuracy = (outputs.argmax(1) == targets).sum()
            total_accuracy = total_accuracy + accuracy
            
    print("整体测试集上的Loss：{}".format(total_test_loss))
    print("整体测试集上的正确率：{}".format(total_accuracy/test_data_size))
    writer.add_scalar("test_loss",total_test_loss,total_test_step)
    writer.add_scalar("test_accuracy",total_accuracy/test_data_size,total_test_step)  
    total_test_step = total_test_step + 1
    
    torch.save(tudui, "./model/tudui_{}.pth".format(i)) # 保存每一轮训练后的结果
    #torch.save(tudui.state_dict(),"tudui_{}.path".format(i)) # 保存方式二         
    print("模型已保存")
    
writer.close()

2. 验证狗是否识别
   ① 完整的模型验证(测试，demo)套路，利用已经训练好的模型，然后给它提供输入。

import torchvision
from PIL import Image
from torch import nn
import torch

image_path = "imgs/dog.png"
image = Image.open(image_path) # PIL类型的Image
image = image.convert("RGB")  # 4通道的RGBA转为3通道的RGB图片
print(image)

transform = torchvision.transforms.Compose([torchvision.transforms.Resize((32,32)),   
                                            torchvision.transforms.ToTensor()])

image = transform(image)
print(image.shape)

class Tudui(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self):
        super(Tudui, self).__init__()        
        self.model1 = nn.Sequential(
            nn.Conv2d(3,32,5,1,2),
            nn.MaxPool2d(2),
            nn.Conv2d(32,32,5,1,2),
            nn.MaxPool2d(2),
            nn.Conv2d(32,64,5,1,2),
            nn.MaxPool2d(2),
            nn.Flatten(),
            nn.Linear(64*4*4,64),
            nn.Linear(64,10)
        )
        
    def forward(self, x):
        x = self.model1(x)
        return x

model = torch.load("model/tudui_29.pth",map_location=torch.device('cpu')) # GPU上训练的东西映射到CPU上    
print(model)
image = torch.reshape(image,(1,3,32,32)) # 转为四维，符合网络输入需求
model.eval()
with torch.no_grad():  # 不进行梯度计算，减少内存计算
    output = model(image)
output = model(image)
print(output)
print(output.argmax(1)) # 概率最大类别的输出

3. 验证飞机是否识别

import torchvision
from PIL import Image
from torch import nn
import torch

image_path = "imgs/plane.png"
image = Image.open(image_path) # PIL类型的Image
image = image.convert("RGB")  # 4通道的RGBA转为3通道的RGB图片
print(image)

transform = torchvision.transforms.Compose([torchvision.transforms.Resize((32,32)),   
                                            torchvision.transforms.ToTensor()])

image = transform(image)
print(image.shape)

class Tudui(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self):
        super(Tudui, self).__init__()        
        self.model1 = nn.Sequential(
            nn.Conv2d(3,32,5,1,2),
            nn.MaxPool2d(2),
            nn.Conv2d(32,32,5,1,2),
            nn.MaxPool2d(2),
            nn.Conv2d(32,64,5,1,2),
            nn.MaxPool2d(2),
            nn.Flatten(),
            nn.Linear(64*4*4,64),
            nn.Linear(64,10)
        )
        
    def forward(self, x):
        x = self.model1(x)
        return x

model = torch.load("model/tudui_29.pth",map_location=torch.device('cpu')) # GPU上训练的东西映射到CPU上    
print(model)
image = torch.reshape(image,(1,3,32,32)) # 转为四维，符合网络输入需求
model.eval()
with torch.no_grad():  # 不进行梯度计算，减少内存计算
    output = model(image)
output = model(image)
print(output)
print(output.argmax(1)) # 概率最大类别的输出