C++特性三：多态---案例一(计算器类)

案例描述：

分别利用普通写法和多态技术，设计实现两个操作数进行运算的计算器类

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include<string>

//利用普通写法和多态技术实现计算器

//普通写法
class Calculator
{
public:
	int getResult(string oper)
	{
		if (oper == "+")
		{
			return m_Num1 + m_Num2;
		}
		else if (oper == "-")
		{
			return m_Num1 - m_Num2;
		}
		else if (oper == "*")
		{
			return m_Num1 * m_Num2;
		}
		//如果想扩展新的功能，需要修改源码
		//在真实的开发中 提倡 开闭原则
		//开闭原则：对扩展进行开放，对修改进行关闭
	}

	int m_Num1;//操作数1
	int m_Num2;//操作数2
};

void test1()
{
	//创建计算器对象
	Calculator c;
	c.m_Num1 = 10;
	c.m_Num2 = 10;
	cout << c.m_Num1 << "+" << c.m_Num2 << "=" << c.getResult("+") << endl;
	cout << c.m_Num1 << "-" << c.m_Num2 << "=" << c.getResult("-") << endl;
	cout << c.m_Num1 << "*" << c.m_Num2 << "=" << c.getResult("*") << endl;
}


//利用多态实现计算器
//多态好处：
//1.组织结构清晰
//2.可读性强
//3.对于前期和后期的扩展以及维护性高

//实现计算器抽象类
class AbstractCalculator
{
public:
	virtual int getResult()//要写多态父类中要有一个虚函数，子类重写
	{
		return 0;
	}

	int m_Num1;
	int m_Num2;

};

//加法计算器类
class AddCalculator :public	AbstractCalculator
{
public:
	int getResult()
	{
		return m_Num1 + m_Num2;
	}
};

//减法计算器类
class SubCalculator :public	AbstractCalculator
{
public:
	int getResult()
	{
		return m_Num1 - m_Num2;
	}
};

//乘法计算器类
class MulCalculator :public	AbstractCalculator
{
public:
	int getResult()
	{
		return m_Num1 * m_Num2;
	}
};

void test2()
{
	//多态使用条件
	//父类指针或者引用指向子类对象

	//加法运算
	AbstractCalculator* abc = new AddCalculator;
	abc->m_Num1 = 100;
	abc->m_Num2 = 100;

	cout << abc->m_Num1 << " + " << abc->m_Num2 << "=" << abc->getResult() << endl;
	//用完记得销毁
	delete abc;

	//减法运算
	abc = new SubCalculator;
	abc->m_Num1 = 100;
	abc->m_Num2 = 100;

	cout << abc->m_Num1 << " - " << abc->m_Num2 << "=" << abc->getResult() << endl;
	delete abc;

	//乘法运算
	abc = new MulCalculator;
	abc->m_Num1 = 100;
	abc->m_Num2 = 100;

	cout << abc->m_Num1 << " * " << abc->m_Num2 << "=" << abc->getResult() << endl;
	delete abc;

}

int main()
{
	//test1();
	test2();

	return 0;
}

多态好处：
1.组织结构清晰
2.可读性强
3.对于前期和后期的扩展以及维护性高