基于深度学习的网络入侵检测研究综述

摘     要

【目的】互联网的迅速发展给人们的生活带来了极大的便利,然而各种网络攻击行为也日益增加,网络空间面临着严重的威胁。入侵检测在防护网络攻击中发挥着关键作用。

【文献范围】近年来,深度学习方法在入侵检测领域得到了广泛应用。本文通过广泛的文献调查,选取了该领域的最新研究工作。

【方法】首先介绍了当前的网络安全形势,并总结了入侵检测系统的类型、数据集和评估方法,然后在检测技术层面,论述了基于传统机器学习方法的入侵检测和基于深度学习的入侵检测。最后,对入侵检测技术未来的研究方向进行了展望。

【结果】通过分析对比,基于深度学习方法的入侵检测系统通常具有更好的性能。

【局限】受限于获取文献的范围,没有对基于深度学习的入侵检测方法所解决的问题进行对比。

【结论】基于深度学习方法的入侵检测技术在处理高维数据、获取数据中隐藏信息、解决网络中数据不平衡问题等方面具有优势,未来在入侵检测领域会应用地越来越广泛。

关键词:网络安全;入侵检测;深度学习;机器学习

引 言

随着信息技术的发展,互联网已在多个领域发挥着重要的作用。与此同时,网络空间面临的安全威胁也在急剧增加,根据CNCERT发布的《2020 年上半年我国互联网网络安全监测数据分析报告》:(1)在恶意程序方面,我国有超过300万台主机感染了计算机

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Abstract— With the increasing number of computers being connected to the Internet, security of an information system has never been more urgent. Because no system can be absolutely secure, the timely and accurate detection of intrusions is necessary. This is the reason of an entire area of research, called Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS). Anomaly systems detect intrusions by searching for an abnormal system activity. But the main problem of anomaly detection IDS is that; it is very difficult to build, because of the difficulty in defining what is normal and what is abnormal. Neural network with its ability of learning has become one of the most promising techniques to solve this problem. This paper presents an overview of neural networks and their use in building anomaly intrusion systems. Keywords- Intrusion Detection Systems; Neural Network; Anomaly Detection I. INTRODUCTION Companies and government agencies dependence on computer networks has never been more critical, and probability of attacks with devastating consequences has never been higher, hence the need for protection is becoming no less critical. Good network security suite should not only be able to detect attacks or recover from attack but should also have fast reactionary capabilities. Hacker, attacking from inside as an authorized user or from outside as an intruder, uses vulnerabilities or flaws on a system. It is therefore important to have a tool that monitors activity of users with intent of detecting malicious activities. This important part of network security is called Intrusion Detection System (IDS).

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