【STM32G431RBTx】备战蓝桥杯嵌入式→基本模块→TIM→OC输出

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已于 2023-06-13 16:37:17 修改

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文章标签：蓝桥杯 stm32 单片机

于 2023-01-19 16:34:07 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_66792436/article/details/128735726

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文章目录

前言

定时器具有
1.Base
2.PWM
3.IC
4.OC
这四种功能，前面我们以及讲完了Base(按键部分)，PWM功能，IC功能，接下来我们要学习的是定时器的OC(输出比较)功能。

1.CubeMx的配置步骤

修改上一次IC捕获的ioc文件来生成工程
在这里插入图片描述
修改PA2，PA3为定时器15的通道1和通道2。

2.生成工程

点击GENERATE CODE生成代码后点击Open Project即可。
在这里插入图片描述

3.测试代码

interrupt.h:

#ifndef __INTERRUPT_H__
#define __INTERRUPT_H__

#include "main.h"

void HAL_TIM_IC_CaptureCallback(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim);
void HAL_TIM_OC_DelayElapsedCallback(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim);

#endif

interrupt.c:

#include "interrupt.h"
#include "lcd.h"
#include "stdio.h"
unsigned int Period = 0;
unsigned int HighTime = 0;
unsigned char OC1_Duty = 25;
unsigned char OC2_Duty = 75;
unsigned short OC1_Pulse = 1000;
unsigned short OC2_Pulse = 4000;


void HAL_TIM_IC_CaptureCallback(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim)
{
	if(htim->Instance == TIM2)
	{
		if(htim->Channel == HAL_TIM_ACTIVE_CHANNEL_1)
		{
			Period = HAL_TIM_ReadCapturedValue(htim, TIM_CHANNEL_1); //读取直接通道
			HighTime = HAL_TIM_ReadCapturedValue(htim, TIM_CHANNEL_2); //读取间接通道
			__HAL_TIM_SetCounter(htim, 0);
			HAL_TIM_IC_Start_IT(htim, TIM_CHANNEL_1); //开启中断以便于下次采值
			HAL_TIM_IC_Start_IT(htim, TIM_CHANNEL_2);
		}
	}
}

void HAL_TIM_OC_DelayElapsedCallback(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim)
{
	if(htim->Instance == TIM15)
	{
		unsigned short CapVal = 0;
		if(htim->Channel == HAL_TIM_ACTIVE_CHANNEL_1)
		{
			CapVal = __HAL_TIM_GetCompare(htim, TIM_CHANNEL_1);
			if(HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_2) == GPIO_PIN_RESET)
			{
				__HAL_TIM_SET_COMPARE(htim, TIM_CHANNEL_1, CapVal + OC1_Pulse - OC1_Duty / 100.0 * OC1_Pulse);
			}
			else
			{
				__HAL_TIM_SET_COMPARE(htim, TIM_CHANNEL_1, CapVal + OC1_Duty / 100.0 * OC1_Pulse);
			}
				
		}
		else if(htim->Channel == HAL_TIM_ACTIVE_CHANNEL_2)
		{
			CapVal = __HAL_TIM_GetCompare(htim, TIM_CHANNEL_2);
			if(HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_3) == GPIO_PIN_RESET)
			{
				__HAL_TIM_SetCompare(htim, TIM_CHANNEL_2, CapVal + (1 - OC2_Duty / 100.0) * OC2_Pulse);
			}
			else
			{
				__HAL_TIM_SetCompare(htim, TIM_CHANNEL_2, CapVal + OC2_Duty / 100.0 * OC2_Pulse);
			}
		}
	}
}

main.c:

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
  ******************************************************************************
  * @file           : main.c
  * @brief          : Main program body
  ******************************************************************************
  * @attention
  *
  * <h2><center>&copy; Copyright (c) 2023 STMicroelectronics.
  * All rights reserved.</center></h2>
  *
  * This software component is licensed by ST under BSD 3-Clause license,
  * the "License"; You may not use this file except in compliance with the
  * License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
  *                        opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
  *
  ******************************************************************************
  */
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "tim.h"
#include "gpio.h"

/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include "lcd.h"
#include "stdio.h"
/* USER CODE END Includes */

/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */

/* USER CODE END PTD */

/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
/* USER CODE END PD */

/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */

/* USER CODE END PM */

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/

/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
extern unsigned int Period;
extern unsigned int HighTime;
char text[30];
/* USER CODE END PV */

/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */

/* USER CODE END PFP */

/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */

/* USER CODE END 0 */

/**
  * @brief  The application entry point.
  * @retval int
  */
int main(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */

  /* USER CODE END 1 */

  /* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/

  /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
  HAL_Init();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */

  /* USER CODE END Init */

  /* Configure the system clock */
  SystemClock_Config();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */

  /* USER CODE END SysInit */

  /* Initialize all configured peripherals */
  MX_GPIO_Init();
  MX_TIM2_Init();
  MX_TIM15_Init();
  MX_TIM3_Init();
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
	HAL_TIM_IC_Start_IT(&htim2, TIM_CHANNEL_1);
	HAL_TIM_IC_Start_IT(&htim2, TIM_CHANNEL_2);
	HAL_TIM_OC_Start_IT(&htim15, TIM_CHANNEL_1);
	HAL_TIM_OC_Start_IT(&htim15, TIM_CHANNEL_2);
	LCD_Init();
	LCD_Clear(Black);
	LCD_SetBackColor(Black);
	LCD_SetTextColor(White);
  /* USER CODE END 2 */

  /* Infinite loop */
  /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
  while (1)
  {
    /* USER CODE END WHILE */

    /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
		sprintf(text, "frq:%.2f   ", 1000000.0 / Period); //分频成1MHz所以这里1000000.0作为被除数
		LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line0,  text);
		sprintf(text, "Duty:%.2f   ", HighTime / (float)Period * 100); //占空比为高电平时间 / 周期 * 100%
		LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line1,  text);
  }
  /* USER CODE END 3 */
}

/**
  * @brief System Clock Configuration
  * @retval None
  */
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};

  /** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage
  */
  HAL_PWREx_ControlVoltageScaling(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1);
  /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
  * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
  */
  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = RCC_PLLM_DIV3;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 20;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = RCC_PLLP_DIV2;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = RCC_PLLQ_DIV2;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLR = RCC_PLLR_DIV2;
  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
  */
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;

  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */

/* USER CODE END 4 */

/**
  * @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
  * @retval None
  */
void Error_Handler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
  __disable_irq();
  while (1)
  {
  }
  /* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}

#ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
  * @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
  *         where the assert_param error has occurred.
  * @param  file: pointer to the source file name
  * @param  line: assert_param error line source number
  * @retval None
  */
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
     ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
  /* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */

/************************ (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/

4.演示效果

在这里插入图片描述

总结

从结果来看我们目标是PA2输出1000Hz占空比为25%的PWM波但最后测量频率为1026和23%的波形，误差比较大。PA3目标输出250Hz占空比为75%的PWM波，但最后输出的是252.84Hz和74.72%的PWM波，误差虽然存在但与PA2输出的波形比较，误差算是少一点，我们可以知道OC输出高频率PWM波时存在很严重的波形失真现象，但在输出低频率PWM波时这种情况就好一点，TIM的PWM模式不会有这样的问题但是PWM模式下定时器各个通道输出PWM波频率相同(占空比可以不同)，不能实现每个通道占空比不同且频率也不同的情况。OC模式下虽然不支持输出高频率PWM波，但是它能实现每个通道的PWM波频率不同占空比也不同。