TraditionaI Comm笔记【1】:关于通信/Communication
1. What is ‘Communication’?
'Communication Technology is a special technique to send data from one place to another. A typical concept can be illustrated as follows. As you see, there are at least three major components getting involved in any kind of communication process, a sender or transmitter and receiver and the channel. You would intuitively know what is transmitter and receiver.'
通信技术指的是从一个地方向另一个地方发送数据的技术,任何通信过程都包括发送者/sender/transmitter
、接收者/receiver
与信道/channel
三个基本部分,如下图所示:
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/d29b4cadb07ee758ccfaabd5469fa980.png)
2. What is ‘Channel’?
'Channel is a physical media through which the transmitted signal follow. For example, in a very simple communication system like RS232. What you call RS232 cable (made up of copper) is the channel. Let's think about ethernet communication (wired LAN). In this case, what you call LAN cable is the channel (one PC can be an transmitter and another PC can be a reciever.). How about mobile communication like a mobile phone ? My mobile phone and a basestation can be a transmitter and reciever and the air space and all other obstacles(e.g, mountain, building etc) in between a mobile phone and a base station can be a channel.'
信道/channel
是传输信号通过的一种物理介质。
- e . g 1. e.g\ 1. e.g 1.在一个非常简单的通信系统 R S 232 RS232 RS232中, R S 232 RS232 RS232 电缆(由铜组成)是信道。
- e . g 2. e.g\ 2. e.g 2., 在以太网通信(有线局域网)中,所谓的局域网电缆就是信道(其中一台 P C PC PC 可以是发射机,另一台 P C PC PC 可以是接收机)。
- e . g 3. e.g\ 3. e.g 3., 在像手机这样的移动通信中,手机和基站可以是发射机和接收机,之间的空气空间和所有其他障碍可以看作是一个信道。
'In short, a signal (data) from a transmitter always go through a specific channel to reach the reciever. Studying the communication system means understanding the characteristics of those three major components, Transmitter, Channel, Reciever.'
简而言之,来自发射机的信号(数据)总是通过特定的通道到达接收机。 研究通信系统就是要了解发射机、信道、接收机这三个主要组成部分的特点。
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/f45f612c2d3b47f6e1ad53c328ee6b7a.png)
假设发射机发送下图所示蓝色信号,接收机端收到下图所示红色信号,可以看到这两个信号并不完全一样:
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/8109b60087adf0e3975fa5ed11a6ea91.png)
比较两个信号,可以发现这两个信号的差异在于:
"Delay/延迟"
。"Distortion/失真"
。
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/aaa31bb843145c24f14cfeea06f1704e.png)
出现类似差异的可能原因是:
- 发送端:发射机没有发射出明确的信号,即发射机未能发送出与上图中 T r a n s m i t t e d Transmitted Transmitted S i g n a l Signal Signal完全一样的信号。
- 接收端:接收机未能很好地检测出接收到地信号。
- 信道:信号在信道中传输地过程中发生了变化(失真)。
3. Overall Architecture of Communication System/通信系统整体架构
通信系统的一般模型:通信的目的是传输信息。通信系统的作用就是将信息从信源发送到一个或多个目的地。对于电通信来说,首先要把信息转变成电信号,然后经过发送设备,将信号送入信道,在接收端利用接收设备对接收信号做相应的处理后,送给信宿再转换为原来的消息。这一过程可用下图所示的通信系统的一般模型来概括:
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/204455050c9c2aa7622a97b1a3e390d4.png)
以下是有线长途电话系统示意图:
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/1416b95d9f75b685c6822839d5a91aad.png)
以下是广播通信系统示意图:
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/2434bc7d0c7890df927e705221825a28.png)
典型模拟通信系统组成:
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/bf7149a8bc1c7886e0804ecd8a04cfff.png)
数字通信系统的组成:
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/9a3373a9c208821bee34e5511796760d.png)
4. Reference
[1] sharetechnote.com.
[2] 通信原理.