ggplot琐碎笔记

set.seed(1410)

dsmall <- diamonds[sample(nrow(diamonds), 100), ]

loess平滑器

span参数0到1, 很不平滑到很平滑

qplot(carat, price , data = dsmall, geom =c('point','smooth'), span = 0.2)

loess对于大数据并不十分适用($O(n)$), 因此, 当n超过1000时将默认采用另一种平滑算法.

mgcv包gam拟合广义可加模型

library(mgcv)

qplot(carat, price, data = dsmall, geom = c("point", "smooth"), method = "gam", 
    formula = y ~ s(x))

qplot(carat, price, data = dsmall, geom = c("point", "smooth"), method = "gam", 
    formula = y ~ s(x, bs = "cs"))

公式formula = y ~ s(x, bs = “cs”))是数据量超过1000的默认选项.

lm线性拟合

splines包自然样条

在运用线性模型作为平滑器时 formula 参数的作用。左图是 formula =
## y ~ x 的默认值， 右图是 formula = y ~ ns(x, 5)。
library(splines)

qplot(carat, price, data = dsmall, geom = c("point", "smooth"), method = "lm")

qplot(carat, price, data = dsmall, geom = c("point", "smooth"), method = "lm", 
    formula = y ~ ns(x, 5))

MASS包的rlm

对异常值不敏感

jitter扰动点图

qplot(color, price/carat, data = diamonds, geom = "jitter", alpha = I(1/2))

条形图加权

qplot(color, data = diamonds, geom = "bar", weight = carat) + scale_y_continuous("carat")