Python爬虫实战 | (16) 破解简书登录点触验证码

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-30 23:32:58 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-06-30 23:32:58 发布

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分类专栏： Python3网络爬虫从理论到实践Base 文章标签： Python爬虫实战简书点触验证码超级鹰 selenium

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/sdu_hao/article/details/96722711

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在本篇博客中，我们将使用selenium模拟登录简书网站，破解其登陆时的滑动验证码。

我们需要使用验证码识别服务平台。超级鹰，来帮助我们破解点触验证码。下面的chaojiying.py文件用于调用超级鹰服务，帮助我们破解点触或图片验证码，直接照搬就好了：

import requests
from hashlib import md5


#使用超级鹰来进行图片验证码和点触验证码的识别
class Chaojiying(object):

    def __init__(self, username, password, soft_id):
        self.username = username
        self.password = md5(password.encode('utf-8')).hexdigest()
        self.soft_id = soft_id
        self.base_params = {
            'user': self.username,
            'pass2': self.password,
            'softid': self.soft_id,
        }
        self.headers = {
            'Connection': 'Keep-Alive',
            'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_5) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/75.0.3770.100 Safari/537.36',
        }

    def post_pic(self, im, codetype):
        """
        im: 图片字节
        codetype: 题目类型 参考 http://www.chaojiying.com/price.html
        """
        params = {
            'codetype': codetype,
        }
        params.update(self.base_params)
        files = {'userfile': ('ccc.jpg', im)}
        r = requests.post('http://upload.chaojiying.net/Upload/Processing.php', data=params, files=files,
                          headers=self.headers)
        return r.json()

    def report_error(self, im_id):
        """
        im_id:报错题目的图片ID
        """
        params = {
            'id': im_id,
        }
        params.update(self.base_params)
        r = requests.post('http://upload.chaojiying.net/Upload/ReportError.php', data=params, headers=self.headers)
        return r.json()

程序主体框架：

from selenium import  webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
from selenium.common.exceptions import TimeoutException
from JianShuLogin.chaojiying import Chaojiying
import time
from PIL import Image
from io import BytesIO

#简书用户名、密码
USERNAME = ''
PASSWARD = ''
#超级鹰用户名、密码、软件ID(需要注册)
CHAOJIYING_USERNAME = ''
CHAOJIYING_PASSWORD = ''
CHAOJIYING_SOFT_ID = 
CHAOJIYING_KIND = 9004 #验证码类型 用于破解点触验证码 具体可见官网

class JianShuLogin():

    def __init__(self):
        self.url = 'https://www.jianshu.com/sign_in'
        self.browser = webdriver.Chrome()
        # 显示等待
        self.wait = WebDriverWait(self.browser, 20)
        self.username = USERNAME
        self.password = PASSWARD
        self.chaojiying = Chaojiying(CHAOJIYING_USERNAME, CHAOJIYING_PASSWORD, CHAOJIYING_SOFT_ID)

    def __del__(self):
        self.browser.close()

    def login_successfully(self):
        pass
    
    def touch_click_verify(self):
        pass
    
    def touch_click_words(self,locations):
        pass
    
    def get_points(self,captcha_result):
        pass
    
    def get_touclick_element(self):
        pass
    
    def get_touclick_image(self,name='captcha.png'):
        pass
    
    def get_login_btn(self):
        pass
    
    def open(self):
        pass
    
    def login(self):
        """
        破解入口
        :return:
        """
        #打开登陆界面 输入用户名和密码
        self.open()
        #找到登陆按钮
        button = self.get_login_btn()
        #点击
        button.click()

        #获取点触验证码图片
        image = self.get_touclick_image()
        bytes_array = BytesIO()
        image.save(bytes_array, format='PNG')

        # 识别验证码
        result = self.chaojiying.post_pic(bytes_array.getvalue(), CHAOJIYING_KIND)
        print(result)

        # 获取点击的位置
        locations = self.get_points(result)

        # 依次进行点击
        self.touch_click_words(locations)
        # 找到并点击确认按钮
        self.touch_click_verify()

        # 判断是否成功
        if self.login_successfully():
            print('登录成功')
        else:  # 可能不成功 重来
            self.chaojiying.report_error(result['pic_id'])
            self.login()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    login = JianShuLogin()
    login.login()

打开网页，输入用户名和密码：

  def open(self):
        """
        打开网页输入用户名和密码
        :return: None
        """
        self.browser.get(self.url)
        # 找到用户名输入框
        '''
        <input placeholder="手机号或邮箱" type="text" name="session[email_or_mobile_number]" id="session_email_or_mobile_number">
        '''
        username = self.wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, 'session_email_or_mobile_number')))
        # 找到密码输入框
        '''
        <input placeholder="密码" type="password" name="session[password]" id="session_password">
        '''
        passward = self.wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, 'session_password')))
        # 输入用户名和密码
        username.send_keys(self.username)
        passward.send_keys(self.password)

找到登录按钮：

    def get_login_btn(self):
        """
        找到登陆按钮
        :return:
        """
        '''
        <button class="sign-in-button" id="sign-in-form-submit-btn" type="button">
      <span id="sign-in-loading"></span>
      登录
    </button>
        '''
        button = self.wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.ID,'sign-in-form-submit-btn')))
        return button

获取点触验证码图片：

    def get_touclick_element(self):
        """
        获取验证图片元素
        :return: 图片元素
        """
        # 获取整个验证图片
        '''
        <div class="geetest_holder geetest_silver" style="width: 100%; display: block; opacity: 1;"><div class="geetest_widget"><div class="geetest_head"><div class="geetest_tips"><div class="geetest_tip_content">请在下图<span class="geetest_mark">依次</span>点击：</div><div class="geetest_tip_img" aria-hidden="true" style="display: block; background-image: url(&quot;https://static.geetest.com/nerualpic/word_l1_zh_2019.06.10/starry_night/11765df8573a797e0c5951eb781ab68f.jpg?challenge=628d53ef8ff2f9c9a4b006f103d60067&quot;); width: 116px; height: 40px; right: -116px; top: -10px;"></div></div><div class="geetest_atips"><div class="geetest_atip_content"></div><div class="geetest_tip_text"><div class="geetest_word1"><span class="">1</span></div><div class="geetest_word2"><span class="">2</span></div><div class="geetest_word3"><span class="">3</span></div><div class="geetest_word4"><span class="">4</span></div><div class="geetest_word5"><span class="">5</span></div><div class="geetest_word6"><span class="">6</span></div></div></div><div class="geetest_tip_space"></div></div><div class="geetest_table_box"><div class="geetest_window"><div class="geetest_item geetest_big_item" style="width: 95.8%; padding-bottom: 95.8%;"><div class="geetest_item_loading"><div class="geetest_item_loading_icon"></div><div class="geetest_item_loading_tip">加载中...</div></div><div class="geetest_item_wrap"><img class="geetest_item_img" aria-hidden="true" src="https://static.geetest.com/nerualpic/word_l1_zh_2019.06.10/starry_night/11765df8573a797e0c5951eb781ab68f.jpg?challenge=628d53ef8ff2f9c9a4b006f103d60067" style="right: 0px; top: 0px; width: 100%; height: 112%;"></div></div></div><div class="geetest_result_tip"></div></div><div class="geetest_panel"><div class="geetest_small" tabindex="-1" style="outline: none; font-size: 12px;"><a class="geetest_close" href="javascript:;" tabindex="-1"><div class="geetest_close_tip">关闭验证</div></a><a class="geetest_refresh" href="javascript:;" tabindex="-1"><div class="geetest_refresh_tip">刷新验证</div></a><a class="geetest_feedback" tabindex="-1" style="display: none;"><div class="geetest_feedback_tip">帮助反馈</div></a><a class="geetest_voice"><div class="geetest_voice_tip"></div></a></div><a class="geetest_commit" href="javascript:;"><div class="geetest_commit_tip">确认</div></a></div></div></div>
        '''
        element = self.wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR,'.geetest_holder')))
        return element

    def get_touclick_image(self,name='captcha.png'):
        """
        获取点触验证码图片
        :param name:
        :return: 图片对象
        """
        im = self.get_touclick_element()
        time.sleep(2)
        im.screenshot('captcha_.png')
        captcha = Image.open('captcha_.png')
        print(im.size)
        # 改变截图的大小 和原图一致
        captcha = captcha.resize((im.size['width'], im.size['height']))
        captcha.save('captcha_resize.png')
        return captcha

解析超级鹰识别结果，获取点击坐标：

 def get_points(self,captcha_result):
        """
        解析识别结果
        :param captcha_result: 识别结果
        :return:转换后的结果
        """
        # 获取点击的坐标
        groups = captcha_result.get('pic_str').split('|')
        locations = [[int(number) for number in group.split(',')] for group in groups]
        return locations

根据坐标，点击验证图片：

 def touch_click_words(self,locations):
        """
        点击验证图片
        :param locations: 点击位置
        :return:
        """
        for location in locations:
            print(location)
            ActionChains(self.browser).move_to_element_with_offset(self.get_touclick_element(), location[0],
                                                                   location[1]).click().perform()
            time.sleep(1)

最后点击确认按钮：

 def touch_click_verify(self):
        """
        点击确认按钮
        :return:
        """
        '''
        <div class="geetest_commit_tip">确认</div>
        '''
        button = self.wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CLASS_NAME,'geetest_commit_tip')))
        button.click()

判断登录是否成功，如果成功，会有一个写文章按钮：

    def login_successfully(self):
        """
        判断登陆是否成功
        :return:
        """
        '''
        <a class="btn write-btn" target="_blank" href="/writer#/">
        <i class="iconfont ic-write"></i>写文章
</a>
        '''
        try:
            return bool(
                WebDriverWait(self.browser,5).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR,'.write-btn')))
            )
        except TimeoutException:
            return  False

完整项目